Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária
Ano de defesa: | 2017 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Goiás
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Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EA)
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Departamento: |
Escola de Agronomia - EA (RG)
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País: |
Brasil
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Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10456 |
Resumo: | Crop-livestock integration (CLI) is an agricultural system of ecological intensification well accepted by Brazilian farmers, for whom there are doubts about the management of root diseases. This research work is comprised by three studies carried out in CLI fields implemented in 2000, with crop rotations involving maize, upland rice, soybean and brachiaria (Urochloa brizantha). The first study assessed the relationships between soil quality indicators [microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (C-BM, N-BM), soil basal respiration (RBS), metabolic coefficient (qCO2) and total enzyme activity (AET)], and soil moisture with the population of soil fungi (Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum species complexes, Trichoderma spp. and Rhizoctonia spp.). Redundancy analysis demonstrated the increase of the inoculum density of F. oxysporum in higher N-BM and RBS, and its negative correlation with Trichoderma spp. The increase of F. solani was correlated to higher qCO2 and RBS, and with lower C-BM. The highest densities of Trichoderma spp. were linked with higher soil moisture. These results indicate that practices that stimulate C-BM and decrease RBS can be adopted for the management of the Fusarium species complex. The second essay investigated the interrelations between soilborne fungi (F. solani, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia spp., Trichoderma spp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.), actinomycetes, and nematodes (Pratylenchus spp. and free-living nematodes) in 2015 and 2016. Two distinct clusters were formed by the community of microorganisms according to the presence of irrigation or differences in the rotations under CLI. Rotations that increase pathogens such as the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp. also stimulate their potential antagonists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Principal components analysis determined the F. solani and F. oxysporum species complex are the main causes of variation affected by CLI management in 2015 and 2016. No evidence was found that the rotations lead to the suppression of any pathogen and, according to PERMANOVA, it was observed that the abundance of microorganisms under study is affected at by crop sequences, even after 15 years of CLI implantation. The third study evaluated in 2015 and 2016 the structural changes of fungal and bacterial communities in the same CLI system, through T-RFLP analysis. Bacterial and fungal communities showed a clear dissimilarity between the anthropic environments (irrigated and rainfed CLI), and the adjacent native vegetation area. The fungal community was more sensitive to crop rotations within the rainfed or irrigated environments, while bacteria appeared to be resilient to the shifts of cultivated species. In conclusion, the management of CLI systems in the Brazilian Cerrado over 15 years altered the composition of the microbial community and the relationships between root pathogens, antagonists and soil quality indicators. These responses from the microbial community may be useful to advice crop management in fields under CLI, including the management of root diseases. |
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Lobo Junior, Murillohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3352833548668460Lobo Junior, MurilloCunha, Marcos Gomes daRocha, Mara Rúbia daCoelho, Gesimaria Ribeiro CostaKnupp, Adriano Moreirahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0981311135436685Goulart, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos2020-03-23T10:30:43Z2017-04-27GOULART, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos. Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária. 2017. 115 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017.http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10456Crop-livestock integration (CLI) is an agricultural system of ecological intensification well accepted by Brazilian farmers, for whom there are doubts about the management of root diseases. This research work is comprised by three studies carried out in CLI fields implemented in 2000, with crop rotations involving maize, upland rice, soybean and brachiaria (Urochloa brizantha). The first study assessed the relationships between soil quality indicators [microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (C-BM, N-BM), soil basal respiration (RBS), metabolic coefficient (qCO2) and total enzyme activity (AET)], and soil moisture with the population of soil fungi (Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum species complexes, Trichoderma spp. and Rhizoctonia spp.). Redundancy analysis demonstrated the increase of the inoculum density of F. oxysporum in higher N-BM and RBS, and its negative correlation with Trichoderma spp. The increase of F. solani was correlated to higher qCO2 and RBS, and with lower C-BM. The highest densities of Trichoderma spp. were linked with higher soil moisture. These results indicate that practices that stimulate C-BM and decrease RBS can be adopted for the management of the Fusarium species complex. The second essay investigated the interrelations between soilborne fungi (F. solani, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia spp., Trichoderma spp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.), actinomycetes, and nematodes (Pratylenchus spp. and free-living nematodes) in 2015 and 2016. Two distinct clusters were formed by the community of microorganisms according to the presence of irrigation or differences in the rotations under CLI. Rotations that increase pathogens such as the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp. also stimulate their potential antagonists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Principal components analysis determined the F. solani and F. oxysporum species complex are the main causes of variation affected by CLI management in 2015 and 2016. No evidence was found that the rotations lead to the suppression of any pathogen and, according to PERMANOVA, it was observed that the abundance of microorganisms under study is affected at by crop sequences, even after 15 years of CLI implantation. The third study evaluated in 2015 and 2016 the structural changes of fungal and bacterial communities in the same CLI system, through T-RFLP analysis. Bacterial and fungal communities showed a clear dissimilarity between the anthropic environments (irrigated and rainfed CLI), and the adjacent native vegetation area. The fungal community was more sensitive to crop rotations within the rainfed or irrigated environments, while bacteria appeared to be resilient to the shifts of cultivated species. In conclusion, the management of CLI systems in the Brazilian Cerrado over 15 years altered the composition of the microbial community and the relationships between root pathogens, antagonists and soil quality indicators. These responses from the microbial community may be useful to advice crop management in fields under CLI, including the management of root diseases.A integração lavoura-pecuária (ILP) é um sistema agrícola de intensificação ecológica de boa aceitação pelos agricultores brasileiros, para o qual há dúvidas a respeito do manejo de doenças radiculares. O presente trabalho é composto por três estudos conduzidos em áreas sob ILP implementada em 2000, com rotações de culturas envolvendo milho, arroz de terras altas, soja e braquiárias (Urochloa brizantha). O primeiro estudo avaliou, de 2011 a 2013, as relações entre bioindicadores de qualidade do solo [carbono da biomassa microbiana (C-BM), nitrogênio da biomassa (N-BM), respiração basal do solo (RBS), coeficiente metabólico (qCO2) e atividade enzimática total (AET)], e da umidade do solo com a população de microrganismos (complexos de espécies Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma spp. e Rhizoctonia spp.). A análise de redundância demonstrou o aumento da densidade de inóculo de F. oxysporum por maiores N-BM e RBS, e relação negativa com as populações de Trichoderma spp. Já o aumento de F. solani foi correlacionado a maiores qCO2 e RBS, e também ao menor C-BM. As maiores densidades de Trichoderma spp. foram associadas à maior umidade do solo e às alterações proporcionadas pelas rotações de cultura. Verificou-se, portanto, que práticas que estimulem a C-BM e reduzam a RBS podem ser adotadas para manejo do complexo de espécies de Fusarium. O segundo estudo estimou em 2015 e 2016 as inter-relações entre fungos habitantes do solo (F. solani, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia spp., Trichoderma spp. e fungos micorrízicos arbusculares), actinomicetos, e nematoides (Pratylenchus spp. e nematoides de vida livre). Foi demonstrado o agrupamento de microrganismos de acordo com a presença de irrigação e diferenças nas rotações sob ILP. As rotações podem estimular patógenos como o nematoide das lesões Pratylenchus spp., juntamente com seus antagonistas como fungos formadores de micorrizas. A análise de componentes principais determinou que as espécies do complexo F. solani e F. oxysporum estão entre as principais causas de variação afetadas pelo manejo em ILP, em 2015 e 2016. Não foram encontradas evidências de que rotações avaliadas levam à supressão de patógenos radiculares, e de acordo com a PERMANOVA, observou-se que a abundância dos microrganismos em estudo é alterada a cada plantio, mesmo após 15 anos de implantação da ILP. O terceiro trabalho avaliou em 2015 e 2016 as alterações na estrutura da comunidade de fungos e bactérias da área em estudo, por meio de análise T-RFLP. Foi verificado que as comunidades Bacteria e Fungi apresentaram nítida dissimilaridade entre os ambientes antropizados (ILP irrigado e sequeiro), e a área de vegetação nativa adjacente. Os fungos foram mais sensíveis à rotação de culturas dentro de cada ambiente sequeiro ou irrigado, enquanto que as bactérias parecem ser resilientes à troca de espécies cultivadas. Concluiu-se que a condução dos sistemas ILP no Cerrado brasileiro ao longo de 15 anos alterou a composição da comunidade microbiana e as relações entre patógenos das raízes, antagonistas e indicadores de qualidade do solo. As respostas da comunidade microbiana ao manejo aplicado podem orientar a gestão de áreas sob ILP, incluindo o manejo de doenças radiculares.Submitted by Liliane Ferreira (ljuvencia30@gmail.com) on 2020-03-21T09:58:48Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Priscila Ferreira dos Santos Goulart - 2017.pdf: 3652812 bytes, checksum: c564568f374b8bc40b3ecd59e6fa479d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2020-03-23T10:30:42Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Priscila Ferreira dos Santos Goulart - 2017.pdf: 3652812 bytes, checksum: c564568f374b8bc40b3ecd59e6fa479d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2020-03-23T10:30:43Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Priscila Ferreira dos Santos Goulart - 2017.pdf: 3652812 bytes, checksum: c564568f374b8bc40b3ecd59e6fa479d (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-04-27Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de GoiásPrograma de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EA)UFGBrasilEscola de Agronomia - EA (RG)http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSistemas integrados de produçãoIntensificação ecológicaBioindicadores de qualidade do soloPodridões radicularesT-RFLPIntegrated production systemsEcological intensificationSoil quality indicatorsRroot diseasesCIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIARelações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuáriaRelationships between microrganisms, quality bioindicators and microbial community structure in soils under a crop-livestock integration systeminfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis-5756624928798959431600600600600-6046953723502374070-30911387149076039072075167498588264571reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFGinstname:Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG)instacron:UFGLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.eng.fl_str_mv |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Relationships between microrganisms, quality bioindicators and microbial community structure in soils under a crop-livestock integration system |
title |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
spellingShingle |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária Goulart, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos Sistemas integrados de produção Intensificação ecológica Bioindicadores de qualidade do solo Podridões radiculares T-RFLP Integrated production systems Ecological intensification Soil quality indicators Rroot diseases CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
title_full |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
title_fullStr |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
title_full_unstemmed |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
title_sort |
Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária |
author |
Goulart, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos |
author_facet |
Goulart, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Lobo Junior, Murillo |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3352833548668460 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Lobo Junior, Murillo |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Cunha, Marcos Gomes da |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Rocha, Mara Rúbia da |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Coelho, Gesimaria Ribeiro Costa |
dc.contributor.referee5.fl_str_mv |
Knupp, Adriano Moreira |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0981311135436685 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Goulart, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos |
contributor_str_mv |
Lobo Junior, Murillo Lobo Junior, Murillo Cunha, Marcos Gomes da Rocha, Mara Rúbia da Coelho, Gesimaria Ribeiro Costa Knupp, Adriano Moreira |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Sistemas integrados de produção Intensificação ecológica Bioindicadores de qualidade do solo Podridões radiculares T-RFLP |
topic |
Sistemas integrados de produção Intensificação ecológica Bioindicadores de qualidade do solo Podridões radiculares T-RFLP Integrated production systems Ecological intensification Soil quality indicators Rroot diseases CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Integrated production systems Ecological intensification Soil quality indicators Rroot diseases |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Crop-livestock integration (CLI) is an agricultural system of ecological intensification well accepted by Brazilian farmers, for whom there are doubts about the management of root diseases. This research work is comprised by three studies carried out in CLI fields implemented in 2000, with crop rotations involving maize, upland rice, soybean and brachiaria (Urochloa brizantha). The first study assessed the relationships between soil quality indicators [microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen (C-BM, N-BM), soil basal respiration (RBS), metabolic coefficient (qCO2) and total enzyme activity (AET)], and soil moisture with the population of soil fungi (Fusarium solani and F. oxysporum species complexes, Trichoderma spp. and Rhizoctonia spp.). Redundancy analysis demonstrated the increase of the inoculum density of F. oxysporum in higher N-BM and RBS, and its negative correlation with Trichoderma spp. The increase of F. solani was correlated to higher qCO2 and RBS, and with lower C-BM. The highest densities of Trichoderma spp. were linked with higher soil moisture. These results indicate that practices that stimulate C-BM and decrease RBS can be adopted for the management of the Fusarium species complex. The second essay investigated the interrelations between soilborne fungi (F. solani, F. oxysporum, Rhizoctonia spp., Trichoderma spp. and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi.), actinomycetes, and nematodes (Pratylenchus spp. and free-living nematodes) in 2015 and 2016. Two distinct clusters were formed by the community of microorganisms according to the presence of irrigation or differences in the rotations under CLI. Rotations that increase pathogens such as the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus spp. also stimulate their potential antagonists such as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. Principal components analysis determined the F. solani and F. oxysporum species complex are the main causes of variation affected by CLI management in 2015 and 2016. No evidence was found that the rotations lead to the suppression of any pathogen and, according to PERMANOVA, it was observed that the abundance of microorganisms under study is affected at by crop sequences, even after 15 years of CLI implantation. The third study evaluated in 2015 and 2016 the structural changes of fungal and bacterial communities in the same CLI system, through T-RFLP analysis. Bacterial and fungal communities showed a clear dissimilarity between the anthropic environments (irrigated and rainfed CLI), and the adjacent native vegetation area. The fungal community was more sensitive to crop rotations within the rainfed or irrigated environments, while bacteria appeared to be resilient to the shifts of cultivated species. In conclusion, the management of CLI systems in the Brazilian Cerrado over 15 years altered the composition of the microbial community and the relationships between root pathogens, antagonists and soil quality indicators. These responses from the microbial community may be useful to advice crop management in fields under CLI, including the management of root diseases. |
publishDate |
2017 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2017-04-27 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2020-03-23T10:30:43Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
GOULART, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos. Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária. 2017. 115 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10456 |
identifier_str_mv |
GOULART, Priscila Ferreira dos Santos. Relações entre microrganismos, bioindicadores de qualidade e estrutura da comunidade microbiana em solos sob sistemas de integração lavoura-pecuária. 2017. 115 f. Tese (Doutorado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, 2017. |
url |
http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10456 |
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por |
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por |
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600 600 600 600 |
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-3091138714907603907 |
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2075167498588264571 |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
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http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
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openAccess |
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Universidade Federal de Goiás |
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Programa de Pós-graduação em Agronomia (EA) |
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UFG |
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Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Escola de Agronomia - EA (RG) |
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Universidade Federal de Goiás |
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