Artigos, superfícies e equipamentos utilizados em unidades de terapia intensiva neonatal e pediátrica contaminados por Staphylococcus spp. resistentes aos antimicrobianos

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Gonçalves, Nádia Ferreira
• Orientador(a): Barbosa, Maria Alves
• Banca de defesa: Barbosa, Maria Alves, Souza, Adenícia Custódia Silva e, Lima, Ana Beatriz Mori
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde (FM)
• Departamento: Faculdade de Medicina - FM (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Staphylococcus; Infecção hospitalar; Unidade de terapia intensiva; Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Cross infection; Intensive care unit; Neonatal intensive care unit
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/6728

Compliance with preventive measures by health professionals is a large challenge, and it is believed that in the intensive care unit, especially those classified as neonatal and pediatric, contamination of goods, equipment, and environmental surfaces contribute significantly to the increased epidemiology of healthcare associated infections (HAIs). The objective of this study was to analyze the epidemiological and microbiological profiles of tools, equipment, and ambient surfaces contaminated with antimicrobial resistant Staphylococcus spp. in neonatal and pediatric intensive care units. It is a cross-sectional epidemiological study carried out from August 2011 to September 2012, in a neonatal and pediatric intensive care unit specializing in maternal and child health of the public health system in GoiâniaGoiás, Brazil. Samples were collected using sterile swabs moistened with saline solution 0.9%, which were subjected to microbiological processing consisting of isolation, identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Analysis and interpretation of results followed. Of the 137 samples, 1 02 were identified as Staphylococcus spp. and, in six of the 12 incubators, different strains of these microorganisms were isolated, totaling 108 isolates. Among the isolates, only four were identified as Staphylococcus aureus, and the remaining 104 were coagulasenegative Staphylococcus. During the processing of isolates it was revealed that 74.5% of the tools, surfaces and equipment were infected by Staphylococcus spp., and of these, more than 80% were resistant to antimicrobials. In four, MLSB phenotype was detected. As for oxacillin-resistant isolates, 82.3 % had resistance confirmed by Etest®. Upon completion of the analysis, it became clear that the tools, surfaces and equipment used in pediatric neonatal intensive care units are reservoirs of bacteria. This immediately highlights an important contributor to the epidemiology of HAIs: compliance with procedure for the safety of infants and healthcare workers, since these findings signal gaps in the work process and therefore in the processing of these items. Therefore, it is believed that the perception of the professionals who work in health facilities (related to the risks of cross-contamination) is of unique value to understanding the need to adopt safe work practices. It is hoped, that contributing to the development of other studies, with the goal of identifying possible gaps, involving both the management of the service and standard operating procedures for the cleaning and disinfection of ambient surfaces, tools and equipment in compliance with guidelines.