Narrativas e silêncios no sofrimento do morrer: cuidados paliativos, câncer e ambiente familiar

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Selma Cristina dos
• Orientador(a): Silva, Joana Aparecida Fernandes da
• Banca de defesa: Silva, Joana Aparecida Fernandes da, Anzai, Leny Caselli, Medeiros, Marcelo, Reis, Mary Lopes, Collaço, Janine Helfst Leichsr
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Goiás
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-graduação em Antropologia Social (FCS)
• Departamento: Faculdade de Ciências Sociais - FCS (RG)
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Cuidados paliativos; Câncer; Narrativas; Silêncios; Ambiente familiar; Pessoas adoecidas; People in sickness
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Palliative care; Cancer; Narratives; Silence; Family environment
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CIENCIAS HUMANAS::SOCIOLOGIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.bc.ufg.br/tede/handle/tede/10959

The attention our work gives to the narratives and to the silence established among the people that are ill from cancer unresponsive to treatment, their family and the healthcare team responsible for the home care had the objective of identifying to what extent the relationship established among all the involved in the process of the disease helps the experience of suffering and dealing with imminent death. Two were paths for such elaboration: the theoretical construction and field work research. The field work research was developed during a period of 25 months in which I accompanied patients in their daily routine within the home environment and also in the headquarters of the Grupo de Apoio Paliativo ao Paciente Oncológico (GAPPO)/ Oncological Palliative Care Support Group (GAPPO), which is one of the Services in the Araújo Jorge Hostipal (HAJ) and one of the operational unities of the Associação de Combate ao Câncer de Goiás (ACCG)/ Goiás Association for Cancer Control, based in the city of Goiânia, Brazil. I have also provided palliative care to the families under the responsibility of the GAPPO. Considering the 595 people referred to palliative care under the responsibility of the GAPPO whom I could accompany during my field research, 539 passed away, being that 390 of them in less than three months. The complex situations that the research realm presented inspired me to develop a reflection on the place of anthropology and, more specifically, on the ethnographic praxis, taking into account the emergence of new objects of study demanded today of anthropology and of new social realities. In the present work, I pose questions regarding palliative care and its processes of legalization in the medical and legal realms and extend the debate to the references in bioethics. Conceptually, I activate social representations as a foundation to reflect on the power that is imposed over the bodies that are considered sick. I understand diseases and cancer as a state in the margins generating discomfort while therapeutic and technological efforts perform as ritual procedures. I speak of the suffering that is externalized in the form of pain, death, and the act of dying, challenging the definitions of disease, cancer and death of the people involved in the process of being ill. Special attention is given to what the research work has revealed: violence in the home environment, reinforcement of the stages of grief and recognizing what is possible to be done and to be lived when death is the way.