Atividade gastroprotetora da geoprópolis de MELIPONA FASCICULATA SMITH (Tiúba)

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: PESSOA, Débora Luana Ribeiro
• Orientador(a): BORGES, Marilene Oliveira da Rocha
• Banca de defesa: MELO, Ferdinan Almeida , SILVA, Selma do Nascimento , RIBEIRO, Rachel Melo , CALDAS, Germana Freire Rocha
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOTECNOLOGIA - RENORBIO/CCBS
• Departamento: DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA/CCBS
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Úlcera gástrica; Melipona fasciculata; Abelha sem ferrão; Geoprópolis
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Gastric ulcer; Melipona fasciculata; Stingless bee; Geopropolis
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Farmacognosia; CAPES
• Link de acesso: https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/2045

Geopropolis is a product obtained from the mixture of plant resins collected by bees plus wax, earth or clay. Geopropolis produced by Melipona fasciculata Smith, known as tiúba is traditionally used in inflammatory processes, gastritis, cancer, hemorrhoids, respiratory system disorders, and also as wound healing. It presents in its chemical composition predominantly phenolic acids, triterpenes and hydrolysable tannins. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-ulcer activity and gastroprotective lyophilized hydroalcoholic extract geopropolis of (EHG), from the Maranhense cerrado. The geopropolis was collected in a meliponary in the city of Fernando Falcão, Maranhão, Brazil. The EHG was obtained by maceration in a water-alcohol solution 70%. In the model ethanol ulcer induction than 75%, treatment of mice with EHG, 50 or 100 mg / kg reduced the ulcerous area of 66.6% and 93.2%, respectively, compared with the control group (127.7 ± 9.5 mm2 ). In indomethacin ulcer induction, treatment of mice with EHG the same doses, reduced the ulcerated area in 82.9% and 92.5%, respectively, compared to the control group (119.3 ± 24.2 mm2 ). Histopathological analysis of the stomachs of animals treated with EHG revealed no acute injury of the epithelium when compared with the control group, which revealed a reduction in epithelial integrity. In evaluating the gastric secretion in rats, the extract (100 and 200 mg/kg) induced an increase in total acidity, reduced the volume of secretion in higher dose, and did not alter the pH, the two doses evaluated. The EHG at doses of 100 and 200 mg / kg did not alter gastric emptying, but decreased intestinal transit of rats in dose-dependent manner. Treatment with EHG induced increase (p <0.05) in the production of gastric mucus (236.7 ± 10.4 µg of Alcian blue/ g glandular tissue, 100 mg / kg). In mice pretreated with Nethylmaleimide (NEM), an inhibitor of sulfhydryl compounds, the gastroprotective activity of EHG was reduced to 34.54%, whereas pre-treatment with saline showed a higher protection 56.4 %. Moreover, oral treatment with EHG increased to 18.0 g/ g tissue levels of sulfhydryl groups of the gastric mucosa from injury induced by ethanol (4.9 ± 1.0 mg / g tissue). Furthermore, pre-treatment with NG-nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NO synthesis, did not affect the gastroprotective activity of the extract. EHG reduced the ulcer lesions induced chronically by acetic acid in 59%. Histological analysis of the tissue gastric mucosa of rats treated with EHG proved arranged with consolidated fibrosis and decreased inflammation. In this group, staining with PAS has become more intense, with diffuse epithelial marking. The immunohistochemical study showed intense reactivity for COX -2 and low reactivity to Ki-67, the gastric mucosa of animals treated EHG. Taken together, the results suggest that EHG M. fasciculata has antiulcerogenic effect observed in models of acute gastric ulcer induction and chronic and that the gastroprotective action of EHG probably involves the participation of sulfhydryl compounds (-SH) no protein. These effects may be related to the phenolic compounds present in geopropolis the city of Fernando Falcao.