Prevalência de polimorfismos da enzima CYP2D6 em pacientes em terapia com psicotrópicos

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: FERNANDES, Mauricio Avelar
• Orientador(a): MONTEIRO, Sally Cristina Moutinho
• Banca de defesa: FONTENELE, Andrea , PAULA, Maria do Livramento de , BATISTA, Zulmira da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Maranhão
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SAÚDE DO ADULTO/CCBS
• Departamento: DEPARTAMENTO DE MEDICINA II/CCBS
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Serviços de Saúde Mental; Psicotrópicos; Citocromo P-450 CYP2D6; Polimorfismo Genético
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Mental Health Services; Psychotropic Drugs; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6; Genetic Polymorphism
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Farmácia
• Link de acesso: http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/jspui/handle/tede/1928

INTRODUCTION: In Brazil, it is reported that a great part of the patients who arrive for the primary care service have as main complaint: sadness (depression) and / or anxiety, also with more complex disorders such as problems related to abuse of alcohol and serious and persistent mental disorders, such as schizophrenia and affective psychoses (bipolar mood disorder). In the pharmacogenetic studies of antidepressants and antipsychotics, cytochrome P450 (CYPs) enzymes have been shown to be one of the most significant targets in the interindividual changes in drug response kinetic parameters. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the frequency of CYP2D6 polymorphisms (*4, *6 and *17) in users of psychotropic therapy, especially tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics. METHODS: Cross - sectional, descriptive study carried out in the city of São Luis – MA. RESULTS: From a total of 105 charts, a sample of 43 patients was collected. The mean age was 40.98 (± 11.04) years, of which 24 (55.81%) were male and 19 (44, 19%) of females. Regarding the pharmacotherapy, all participants (100%) were on daily use of the antipsychotic haloperidol, seventeen (39.53%) patients used risperidone and one (2.32%) patient used amitriptyline (tricyclic antidepressant), all three drugs are substrates of the enzyme CYP2D6. For the polymorphism of CYP2D6, we had a prevalence of 11 (25.48%) for allele 4, and all the patients presented with this polymorphism were heterozygous, that means they had one polymorphic allele and one normal allele. For allele 17, we had a prevalence of 4 (9.3%), also all patients being heterozygous for this allele. Allele 6 did not appear in any patient in our study. We also had two patients who presented the polymorphisms for alleles * 4 and * 17 at the same time. CONCLUSION: This study was able to characterize the frequency of CYP2D6 (* 4, * 6 and 17 *) polymorphisms in users of psychotropic therapy, including tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, in addition to contributing to a higher dose / response do medication, ensuring greater safety and efficacy in the use of medicines, improving the quality of life of patients.