FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854
Ano de defesa: | 2022 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal do Maranhão
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Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOTECNOLOGIA - RENORBIO/CCBS
|
Departamento: |
DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA/CCBS
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/4262 |
Resumo: | The efficiency of stingless bees in pollination is probably related to their dependence on floral resources from the larval to the adult stage, pollen being the protein source and nectar the carbohydrate source. These bees may exhibit floral preferences, which aim to optimize the cost-benefit of foraging. However, little is known about how individual bees specialize in collecting their resources, such as preference for certain plants, or for a specific resource. The objective of this work is to evaluate the individual foraging behavior of Melipona fasciculata, also verifying the existence of floral fidelity in relation to the distribution of resources and nutritional quality of the same. A survey of the floristic composition and the flowering phenology of plants in and around the Bacanga Campus of UFMA was conducted, verifying the influence of seasonality on the distribution of floral resources made available by bees, in the period from July 2018 to June 2019. Almost 70% of the plant species observed in the region are pollinated by bees, with floral resources distributed throughout the year. In the dry season, nectar is the most offered resource, while in the rainy season, pollen is the most available floral resource (Chapter 1). In Chapter 2, the content of total phenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of monofloral pollen collected by M. fasciculata in the periods from August to October 2018 (dry period) and from March to June 2019 (rainy period) were evaluated. The pollen grains of Leucaena leucocephala, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Mimosa pudica had the highest levels of total phenols, while Senna siamea had the highest concentrations of total flavonoids. The pollen that the bees collected from L. leucocephala showed the highest antioxidant activity. From the eight species analyzed for fatty acids, twenty-seven types of fatty acids were quantified, the most representative being α-linolenic acid, followed by linoleic acid and palmitic acid, which is important for the generation of energy for muscle contraction during the flight of the forage bees. In Chapter 3, the behavior of floral fidelity and floral source switching by marked foraging bees of M. fasciculata was verified, and whether these behaviors are related to the nutritional value (proteins and amino acids) of the pollen collected by them. In general, bees collected pollen grains with higher concentrations of proteins and amino acids more frequently. Plants of the genus Mimosa can be considered the most suitable in a diet for M. fasciculata, because they have the essential amino acids for bees, values above the minimum necessary. Some bees that switch sources during their foraging life usually switch to a source of lower quality than the initial source. For example, S. siamea, a plant with lower nutritional value than others collected, was the most used source in these exchanges, but it has special adaptations in the anthers (poricidal anthers), which restricts the collection of pollen grains to bees that vibrate the anthers, reducing interspecific competition. The collection of pollen from different sources ensures a complete diet, because a particular type of pollen can supply the nutritional deficiency of another. |
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RÊGO, Márcia Maria Corrêahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0553701192565687HRNCIR, Michaelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7459510462117938RÊGO, Márcia Maria Correahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0553701192565687HRNCIR, Michaelhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7459510462117938ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, Eduardo Bezerrahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/3142116071365323CARVALHO, Carlos Alfredo Lopes dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8927034737135531IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, Vera Lúciahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6477591893781232http://lattes.cnpq.br/0835388208080665ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva2022-10-28T14:31:21Z2022-06-30ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva. Fidelidade Floral, Plasticidade Comportamental e Forrageamento Individual da Abelha Sem Ferrão Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata Smith, 1854. 2022. 197 f. Tese( Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - Renorbio/CCBS) - Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 2022.https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/4262The efficiency of stingless bees in pollination is probably related to their dependence on floral resources from the larval to the adult stage, pollen being the protein source and nectar the carbohydrate source. These bees may exhibit floral preferences, which aim to optimize the cost-benefit of foraging. However, little is known about how individual bees specialize in collecting their resources, such as preference for certain plants, or for a specific resource. The objective of this work is to evaluate the individual foraging behavior of Melipona fasciculata, also verifying the existence of floral fidelity in relation to the distribution of resources and nutritional quality of the same. A survey of the floristic composition and the flowering phenology of plants in and around the Bacanga Campus of UFMA was conducted, verifying the influence of seasonality on the distribution of floral resources made available by bees, in the period from July 2018 to June 2019. Almost 70% of the plant species observed in the region are pollinated by bees, with floral resources distributed throughout the year. In the dry season, nectar is the most offered resource, while in the rainy season, pollen is the most available floral resource (Chapter 1). In Chapter 2, the content of total phenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of monofloral pollen collected by M. fasciculata in the periods from August to October 2018 (dry period) and from March to June 2019 (rainy period) were evaluated. The pollen grains of Leucaena leucocephala, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Mimosa pudica had the highest levels of total phenols, while Senna siamea had the highest concentrations of total flavonoids. The pollen that the bees collected from L. leucocephala showed the highest antioxidant activity. From the eight species analyzed for fatty acids, twenty-seven types of fatty acids were quantified, the most representative being α-linolenic acid, followed by linoleic acid and palmitic acid, which is important for the generation of energy for muscle contraction during the flight of the forage bees. In Chapter 3, the behavior of floral fidelity and floral source switching by marked foraging bees of M. fasciculata was verified, and whether these behaviors are related to the nutritional value (proteins and amino acids) of the pollen collected by them. In general, bees collected pollen grains with higher concentrations of proteins and amino acids more frequently. Plants of the genus Mimosa can be considered the most suitable in a diet for M. fasciculata, because they have the essential amino acids for bees, values above the minimum necessary. Some bees that switch sources during their foraging life usually switch to a source of lower quality than the initial source. For example, S. siamea, a plant with lower nutritional value than others collected, was the most used source in these exchanges, but it has special adaptations in the anthers (poricidal anthers), which restricts the collection of pollen grains to bees that vibrate the anthers, reducing interspecific competition. The collection of pollen from different sources ensures a complete diet, because a particular type of pollen can supply the nutritional deficiency of another.A eficiência de abelhas sem ferrão na polinização provavelmente está relacionada à dependência dos recursos florais desde a fase larval até a adulta, sendo o pólen a fonte protéica e o néctar a fonte de carboidrato. Estas abelhas podem apresentar preferências florais, que visam otimizar o custo-benefício do forrageio. Porém, pouco se sabe sobre como abelhas individualmente se especializam na coleta de seus recursos, tais como preferência por determinadas plantas, ou por um recurso específico. O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o comportamento individual de forrageiras de Melipona fasciculata, verificando também a existência de fidelidade floral em relação à distribuição dos recursos e qualidade nutricional do mesmo. Foi realizado um levantamento da composição florística e a fenologia da floração das plantas no Campus Bacanga da UFMA e arredores, verificando a influência da sazonalidade na distribuição dos recursos florais disponibilizados por abelhas, no período de julho de 2018 a junho de 2019. Quase 70% das espécies de plantas observadas na região são polinizadas por abelhas, com recursos florais distribuídos o ano todo. No periodo seco, o néctar é o recurso mais ofertado, enquanto que no período chuvoso, o pólen é o recurso floral mais disponibilizado (Capítulo 1). No Capítulo 2, foi avaliado o teor de fenóis e flavonoides totais, a atividade antioxidante e a composição de ácidos graxos do pólen monofloral coletado por M. fasciculata nos períodos de Agosto a Outubro de 2018 (período seco) e de Março a Junho 2019 (período chuvoso). Os grão de pólen de Leucaena leucocephala, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia e Mimosa pudica apresentaram os maiores teores de fenóis totais; já Senna siamea, maiores concetrações de flavonóides totais. O pólen que as abelhas coletaram de L. leucocephala apresentou a maior atividade antioxidante. Das oito espécies analisadas para os ácidos graxos foram quantificados vinte e sete tipos de ácidos graxos, sendo o mais representativo o ácido α-linolênico, seguido do ácido linoleico e do ácido palmítico importante para a geração de energia para contração muscular durante o voo das forrageiras. No Capítulo 3, foi verificado o comportamento de fidelidade floral e troca de fonte floral por forrageiras marcadas de M. fasciculata, e se estes comportamentos estão relacionados ao valor nutricional (proteínas e aminoácidos) do pólen coletadas por elas. De modo geral, abelhas coletam grãos de pólen com maiores concentrações de proteínas e aminoácidos com maior frequência. Plantas do gênero Mimosa podem ser consideradas as mais indicadas em uma dieta para M. fasciculata, pois apresentam os aminoácidos essenciais para as abelhas, valores acima do mínimo necessário. Algumas abelhas que trocam de fonte durante a vida de forrageira costumam trocar por fonte de qualidade inferior a fonte inicial. Por exemplo, S. siamea, planta com valor nutricional menor que outras coletadas, foi a fonte mais utilizada nessas trocas, porém essa possui adaptações especiais nas anteras (anteras poricidas), que restringe a coleta de grãos de pólen à abelhas que realizam a vibração das anteras, diminuindo a competição interespecifica. A coleta de pólen em diferentes fontes garante uma dieta completa, pois um determinado tipo de pólen pode suprir a deficiência nutricional do outro.Submitted by Maria Aparecida (cidazen@gmail.com) on 2022-10-28T14:31:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ALBEANE GUIMARÃES.pdf: 67069018 bytes, checksum: 387dbff5c4ce47fd6f19cf1c4f96b037 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2022-10-28T14:31:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ALBEANE GUIMARÃES.pdf: 67069018 bytes, checksum: 387dbff5c4ce47fd6f19cf1c4f96b037 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2022-06-30FAPEMAapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal do MaranhãoPROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOTECNOLOGIA - RENORBIO/CCBSUFMABrasilDEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA/CCBSAbelha sem ferrão;Especialização;Recursos florais;Grãos de pólen;Preferências NutricionaisStingless bee;Specialization;Floral resources;Pollen grains;Nutritional PreferencesCiências BiológicasFIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854Floral Fidelity, Behavioral Plasticity and Individual Foraging of the Stingless Bee Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata Smith, 1854info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMAinstname:Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)instacron:UFMAORIGINALALBEANE GUIMARÃES.pdfALBEANE GUIMARÃES.pdfapplication/pdf67069018http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/bitstream/tede/4262/2/ALBEANE+GUIMAR%C3%83ES.pdf387dbff5c4ce47fd6f19cf1c4f96b037MD52LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-82255http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/bitstream/tede/4262/1/license.txt97eeade1fce43278e63fe063657f8083MD51tede/42622022-10-28 11:31:21.165oai:tede2: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Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/PUBhttp://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/oai/requestrepositorio@ufma.br||repositorio@ufma.bropendoar:21312022-10-28T14:31:21Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA - Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Floral Fidelity, Behavioral Plasticity and Individual Foraging of the Stingless Bee Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata Smith, 1854 |
title |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
spellingShingle |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva Abelha sem ferrão; Especialização; Recursos florais; Grãos de pólen; Preferências Nutricionais Stingless bee; Specialization; Floral resources; Pollen grains; Nutritional Preferences Ciências Biológicas |
title_short |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
title_full |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
title_fullStr |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
title_full_unstemmed |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
title_sort |
FIDELIDADE FLORAL, PLASTICIDADE COMPORTAMENTAL E FORRAGEAMENTO INDIVIDUAL DA ABELHA SEM FERRÃO Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata SMITH, 1854 |
author |
ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva |
author_facet |
ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
RÊGO, Márcia Maria Corrêa |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0553701192565687 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
HRNCIR, Michael |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7459510462117938 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
RÊGO, Márcia Maria Correa |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0553701192565687 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
HRNCIR, Michael |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7459510462117938 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, Eduardo Bezerra |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/3142116071365323 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
CARVALHO, Carlos Alfredo Lopes de |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8927034737135531 |
dc.contributor.referee5.fl_str_mv |
IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, Vera Lúcia |
dc.contributor.referee5Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6477591893781232 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0835388208080665 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva |
contributor_str_mv |
RÊGO, Márcia Maria Corrêa HRNCIR, Michael RÊGO, Márcia Maria Correa HRNCIR, Michael ALMEIDA JÚNIOR, Eduardo Bezerra CARVALHO, Carlos Alfredo Lopes de IMPERATRIZ-FONSECA, Vera Lúcia |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Abelha sem ferrão; Especialização; Recursos florais; Grãos de pólen; Preferências Nutricionais |
topic |
Abelha sem ferrão; Especialização; Recursos florais; Grãos de pólen; Preferências Nutricionais Stingless bee; Specialization; Floral resources; Pollen grains; Nutritional Preferences Ciências Biológicas |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Stingless bee; Specialization; Floral resources; Pollen grains; Nutritional Preferences |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Ciências Biológicas |
description |
The efficiency of stingless bees in pollination is probably related to their dependence on floral resources from the larval to the adult stage, pollen being the protein source and nectar the carbohydrate source. These bees may exhibit floral preferences, which aim to optimize the cost-benefit of foraging. However, little is known about how individual bees specialize in collecting their resources, such as preference for certain plants, or for a specific resource. The objective of this work is to evaluate the individual foraging behavior of Melipona fasciculata, also verifying the existence of floral fidelity in relation to the distribution of resources and nutritional quality of the same. A survey of the floristic composition and the flowering phenology of plants in and around the Bacanga Campus of UFMA was conducted, verifying the influence of seasonality on the distribution of floral resources made available by bees, in the period from July 2018 to June 2019. Almost 70% of the plant species observed in the region are pollinated by bees, with floral resources distributed throughout the year. In the dry season, nectar is the most offered resource, while in the rainy season, pollen is the most available floral resource (Chapter 1). In Chapter 2, the content of total phenols and flavonoids, antioxidant activity and fatty acid composition of monofloral pollen collected by M. fasciculata in the periods from August to October 2018 (dry period) and from March to June 2019 (rainy period) were evaluated. The pollen grains of Leucaena leucocephala, Mimosa caesalpiniifolia and Mimosa pudica had the highest levels of total phenols, while Senna siamea had the highest concentrations of total flavonoids. The pollen that the bees collected from L. leucocephala showed the highest antioxidant activity. From the eight species analyzed for fatty acids, twenty-seven types of fatty acids were quantified, the most representative being α-linolenic acid, followed by linoleic acid and palmitic acid, which is important for the generation of energy for muscle contraction during the flight of the forage bees. In Chapter 3, the behavior of floral fidelity and floral source switching by marked foraging bees of M. fasciculata was verified, and whether these behaviors are related to the nutritional value (proteins and amino acids) of the pollen collected by them. In general, bees collected pollen grains with higher concentrations of proteins and amino acids more frequently. Plants of the genus Mimosa can be considered the most suitable in a diet for M. fasciculata, because they have the essential amino acids for bees, values above the minimum necessary. Some bees that switch sources during their foraging life usually switch to a source of lower quality than the initial source. For example, S. siamea, a plant with lower nutritional value than others collected, was the most used source in these exchanges, but it has special adaptations in the anthers (poricidal anthers), which restricts the collection of pollen grains to bees that vibrate the anthers, reducing interspecific competition. The collection of pollen from different sources ensures a complete diet, because a particular type of pollen can supply the nutritional deficiency of another. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-10-28T14:31:21Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-06-30 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva. Fidelidade Floral, Plasticidade Comportamental e Forrageamento Individual da Abelha Sem Ferrão Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata Smith, 1854. 2022. 197 f. Tese( Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - Renorbio/CCBS) - Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 2022. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/4262 |
identifier_str_mv |
ALMEIDA, Albeane Guimarães Silva. Fidelidade Floral, Plasticidade Comportamental e Forrageamento Individual da Abelha Sem Ferrão Melipona (Melikerria) fasciculata Smith, 1854. 2022. 197 f. Tese( Programa de Pós-graduação em Biotecnologia - Renorbio/CCBS) - Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís, 2022. |
url |
https://tedebc.ufma.br/jspui/handle/tede/tede/4262 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.format.none.fl_str_mv |
application/pdf |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Maranhão |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM BIOTECNOLOGIA - RENORBIO/CCBS |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFMA |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
DEPARTAMENTO DE BIOLOGIA/CCBS |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal do Maranhão |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA instname:Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) instacron:UFMA |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) |
instacron_str |
UFMA |
institution |
UFMA |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/bitstream/tede/4262/2/ALBEANE+GUIMAR%C3%83ES.pdf http://tedebc.ufma.br:8080/bitstream/tede/4262/1/license.txt |
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bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFMA - Universidade Federal do Maranhão (UFMA) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
repositorio@ufma.br||repositorio@ufma.br |
_version_ |
1797055630806089728 |