Prática de gerentes na atenção primária: singularidades do atendimento à população em situação de vulnerabilidade

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Thiara Amanda Corrêa de Almeida
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Gestor de Saúde; Gestão em Saúde; Administração de Serviços de Saúde; Atenção Primária à Saúde; Prática Profissional; Vulnerabilidade em Saúde; Vulnerabilidade Socia
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/1843/39426

In Brazil, the creation of Unified Health System (SUS) represented a milestone in the field of assuring the right to health, due to its universal and egalitarian character, being important for the formulation of public policies that positively influence the social determinants of health of population groups in situation of social vulnerability. With the decentralization of management and assistance, Primary Health Care (PHC) emerges as a protagonist in facing the dense and heterogeneous Brazilian reality, composed of historical and persistent socioeconomic inequalities. Thus, municipalities assume greater responsibility for the management and provision of health actions and services in the territory and the coordination and reorganization of health work in PHC. To this end, in the sharing of financial resources and power, this sphere of government was the most benefited. In this context, the professional practice of managers at Basic Health Units (BHU) must be in line with the National Primary Health Care Policy (PNAB), covering technical, theoretical, ethical, and normative knowledge, as well as the exercise of citizenship, to ensure equity and improve the health conditions of the population, especially of the most vulnerable. Based on that, the present study aimed to understand the professional practice of PHC managers who work with a vulnerable population. This is a qualitative and analytical study, developed in the 8 BHU of the Northern Region of the city of Belo Horizonte that presented Health Vulnerability Index (HVI) classified as D. The research participants were the managers who work in the mentioned BHU. Data collection was carried out through individual interviews with a semi-structured script and took place between September 2018 to March 2019, after approval of the project by the Municipal Administration Ethics Committee and signature of the Written Informed Consent Form (WICF) by the participants. For data analysis, the testimonies of the interviews were transcribed in full and the Content Analysis technique, proposed by Bardin, was used. From the data emerged 2 categories entitled: “Manager practice in PHC in the context of vulnerability” and “Particularities in the care of the population in a situation of vulnerability”. The first category emphasizes the construction of the practice for these professionals, considering the context of vulnerability and the conceptual parts that compose it, whether related to the intrinsic aspects of the practice (Internal goods) or to what comes because of achieving the internal good (External goods). The second category points out the particularities of serving the vulnerable population and was divided into 3 subcategories: Characterization of the population in a situation of vulnerability from the view of managers; Ambiguities of the manager's practice with the vulnerable population and Recognition of the particularities of the population in a situation of vulnerability versus the development of specific actions that consider such singularities. The understanding of the professional practice of PHC managers offers subsidies to unveil issues of an objective and subjective nature of the work, with a focus on the dynamics of relationships and the achievement of the internal good of the practice, giving visibility to situations of vulnerability. Also, it can provoke reflections and new configurations of practice and management, enabling the change of reality. Also, the deepening of studies of this nature can add knowledge to the theoretical production, making evident important issues of professional practice consistent with the logic of SUS, contributing to the consolidation of the health system and its principles, as well as to the guarantee comprehensive, universal, and quality health care.