Carga de distúrbios musculoesqueléticos e fatores de risco: estudo GBD Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Juliana Wolf
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Carga Global da Doença; Doenças Musculoesqueléticas; Fatores de Risco; Artrite Reumatoide; Riscos Ocupacionais; Saúde Pública
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/1843/39030

Musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders are considered a public health problem due to the years lived with disability and chronicity. These diseases cause premature death, disability and suffering for citizens with negative repercussions on countries' social and economic development. MSK disorders are among the main causes of Disability Adjusted Lost Life Years or Death (DALY) in several countries. The aim of the study was to analyze the years of life lost due to premature death and disability due to MSK disorders, attributable to risk factors observed in the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study and compare the position of occupational risks in the ranking of risks, in 1990 and 2017 for Brazil. This is a descriptive study that used data from the GBD Brazil 2017 to analyze the burden of MSK disorders and subgroups and the attributable risk factors. A descriptive analysis was performed, comparing the DALY rates by sex and age group (15 to 49 years and 50 to 69 years) for the years 1990 and 2017. The position of occupational risks in the ranking of risk factors was compared. In 2017, the main contribution to the total burden of DALY due to MSK disorders in Brazil was low back pain followed by “others” MSK disorders and neck pain, in both sexes and age groups. In 1990 and 2017, the highest rates of DALY due to MSK disorders and low back pain were attributed to occupational ergonomic factors in the 15-49-year group, regardless of sex, whereas smoking was the major contributor in the 50-69-year group with the exception of 2017 for males. Rheumatoid arthritis-related DALY rates were attributed to smoking and were higher among women aged 50-69 years. High body mass index (BMI) was the most relevant risk factor for the burden of osteoarthritis, with higher rates detected in the 50-69-year group. High BMI was the most significant risk factor for DALY rate attributed to gout, regardless of sex or age group. Findings of this study emphasized the need for health and work sector policies to guide changes in labor systems and processes and suggest MSK disorders and occupational risk factors should be included in the agenda to address CNCD. Determination of the burden of MSK disorders per Brazilian region and continuing investigation of the burden attributable to environmental/occupational risks for neck pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and gout are warranted. Findings of this study suggested the need for different gender approaches regarding the formulation of professional policies and actions aimed to prevent MSK disorders and respective subgroups.