Avaliação de biomarcadores imunitários e sua associação ao acometimento linfonodal em carcinoma espinocelular de cabeça e pescoço

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Adriana Torres da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Neoplasias de Cabeça e Pescoço; Carcinoma de Células Escamosas; Sistema Imunitário; Alergia e Imunologia; Dissertação Acadêmica; Câncer; Cabeça e Pescoço; Carcinoma espinocelular; Imuno-oncologia; Imunologia; Imunobiologia; Oncologia; Sistema imunitário
• Link de acesso: https://hdl.handle.net/1843/80971

INTRODUCTION: Progress in identifying the biological determinants that modulate tumor response to therapies offers perspectives for better therapeutic targeting. There is a need for more detailed studies of the biological mediators of head and neck cancer and their association with tumor staging. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate immune biomarkers (lymphocytes, granulocytes, and monocytes) in patients with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and their association with lymph node involvement. METHOD: Flow cytometric evaluation of mononuclear cells in the peripheral blood of two groups of adult men (n = 28): 14 diagnosed with HNSCC (mouth, larynx, and hypopharynx) and 14 healthy volunteers who were not taking any medication. The cell groups studied were T lymphocytes (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+), B lymphocytes (CD19+), granulocytes (CD11a+, CD16+, CD66b+, HLA-DR), and monocytes (CD14+, CD86+), as well as the activation marker CD69. RESULTS: In patients with HNSCC, a decrease was observed in total lymphocytes (p=0.03) and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes (p=0.02), as well as an increase in CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes (p<0.001) and NK 56+ cells (p=0.009), when compared to healthy volunteers. In patients with HNSCC, an increase was found in the expression of the CD69 marker in CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes (p=0.03) and CD19+ B lymphocytes (p=0.01). With the advancement of lymph node involvement, there was a decrease in the expression of CD69 in CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes (p=0.03). Granulocytes and monocytes showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION: Patients with advanced HNSCC show decreased total lymphocytes and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes associated with increased CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes and CD56+ NK cells. The expression of the activation marker CD69 was lower when in advance of lymph node involvement.