Os recursos vegetais e a etnobotânica em quintais urbanos de Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso, Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: David, Margô de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso; Brasil; Faculdade de Engenharia Florestal (FENF); UFMT CUC - Cuiabá; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Florestais e Ambientais
• Palavras-chave em Português: Saber local; Manejo; Plantas; Etnocategorias de usos; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::RECURSOS FLORESTAIS E ENGENHARIA FLORESTAL; Local knowledge; Management; Plants; Ethnocategories of uses
• Link de acesso: http://ri.ufmt.br/handle/1/735

The use of natural resources is essential in the daily life of different communities. In this sense, the ethnobotanical studies provide numerous contributions to the understanding of the relationship between these communities and plants. Therefore, this study aimed to catalog, organize and analyze in an integrated way the knowledge that the residents of four neighborhoods of Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso, Brazil, have about the flora in the landscape units, as well as the use, management and conservation of plant resources in the yards. The study area was chosen through a random selection of questionnaires given to students of the Escola Estadual Professor Jercy Jacob, living in different neighborhoods. Were drawn four neighborhoods: Água Vermelha, Bonsucesso, Cristo Rei and Santa Isabel and five blocks in each, totaling 20 blocks. Within each block were randomly selected four homes, totaling 80 homes for application of interviews. The research techniques used were pre-test, direct observation, semi-structured interviews, life history and guided tour. The ethnobotanical collections consisted up informally, through visits in the homes of neighborhoods, from May 2013 to April 2014, with 127 informants. In the survey, informants cited 249 plant species in 84 plant families. The cataloged species were distributed in Food ethnocategories of use (34%), Medical (64%), Ornamental (24%) and Other uses (29%). Therefore, we identified the main uses of the species reported by informants, especially the Medical category. Families with greater representation were Asteraceae (16 species), Lamiaceae (15 species), Fabaceae (14 species), Solanaceae (11 species), Araceae (nine species), Cucurbitaceae (eight species) and Anacardiaceae, Myrtaceae, Rutaceae (each seven species). They are found mainly in homegardens, but also in other cerrado landscape units, gallery forest and fields. Among the plants that stood out as the Relative Frequency of Agreement Regarding the Main, uses are Mangifera indica L., Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf, Plectranthus barbatus Andrews, Saccharum officinarum L., Punica granatum L., Alloe vera (L.) Burm f., Allium fistulosum L. The knowledge that this population has on the plants present in homegardens is transmitted preferably through the family life. For the management are used mainly natural agricultural inputs and irrigation are made at dawn or in the late afternoon, which is maintenance performed mainly by women. Thus, the cultivation of different kinds, the purpose and manner of use contribute to the preservation of plants in these environments.