Explorando a bioacessibilidade de minerais em suplementos para adultos por espectrometria de emissão óptica induzida por plasma de micro-ondas

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Andreia Rufino
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Química; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química; UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Química analítica; Teor total; Bioacessibilidade; Suplementação adulta; Ferro; Cálcio; Magnésio; Zinco; Total level; Bioaccessibility; Adult supplementation; Calcium; Iron; Magnesium; Zinc; CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/34805

Throughout life, humans go through different stages ranging from childhood to aging; unfortunately, in old age, the human body begins to face some limitations in the absorption of important nutrients for maintaining quality of life. For this reason, there are various formulas and supplements available on the market aimed at addressing these mineral deficiencies in the elderly population. Studying the total levels of essential minerals is important, but these values alone cannot provide truly adequate information about their nutritional value. Bioaccessibility and bioavailability are key concepts that provide us with more precise information about these values. In this study, calcium, iron, magnesium, and zinc were quantified in adult supplementation samples, based on fortified dairy compounds (CLF) and modified formulas for enteral and oral nutrition (FNEO) for adults. The samples used in this study were digested with nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide to quantify the total levels of Ca, Fe, Mg, and Zn. The efficiency of the acid decomposition procedure was evaluated through an accuracy test using the certified NIST 1547 sample, which showed recovery percentages of 97% for Ca, 95% for Fe, 101% for Mg, and 90% for Zn. To evaluate bioaccessibility, two extraction procedures were performed using the in vitro SBET (Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test) method and the in vitro PBET (Physiological Based Extraction Test) method. The bioaccessibility ranges, in %, for Ca were from 14 to 62%, for Fe from 23 to 65%, for Mg from 21 to 46%, and from 33 to 64% for Zn, results obtained with the SBET method, and from 17 to 38% for Ca, 27 to 41 for Fe, 15 to 35% for Mg, and from 25 to 47% for Zn when the PBET method was applied to the samples. It is observed that PBET showed a higher percentage of extraction in relation to trace elements, while SBET predominantly extracted magnesium and calcium. From the results, it was possible to conclude that the evaluation of bioaccessibility becomes important for assessing the nutritional content of adult supplementation, since labeled levels are not always accessible to the body; therefore, considering simulated gastric conditions provides real values of mineral absorption by the human body.