Utilização do óleo de neem (azadirachta indica a. juss) no controle de endoparasitas de ovinos na fase de cria

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Souza , Jair Batista de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal da Paraíba; Brasil; Agricultura; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Agrárias (Agroecologia); UFPB
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fitoterapia; Helmintose; Ovinocultura; CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufpb.br/jspui/handle/123456789/18066

Sheep farming is one of the most important branches of livestock in the world. Brazil presents itself as the 18 th largest producer, and have the largest herds in the Northeast and South regions. The Brazilian producers are mainly characterized by the production of sheep for use of meat, skin and wool. The predominant sheep breeds in Brazil are: Sulfok, Texel, Corredelle, Santa Inês, Dorper and Morada Nova. Gastrointestinal parasites are the main health problem faced by breeders. The verminoses cause delayed growth, weight loss, reproductive losses and in more serious cases the death, mainly of young animals. The main intestinal worms of sheep found in Brazil are of the genera: Haemonchus spp., Trichostrongylus spp., Strongyloides spp., Oesophagostomum spp., Cooperia spp. and Bunostomum spp. The main method used by farmers to deal with parasitoses was the use of chemical vermifuges applied throughout the year, however the indiscriminate use of these molecules caused the emergence of resistant parasites and consequently the inefficiency of the treatments. Many studies have proven the resistance of parasites to the most varied groups of deworms. The anthelmintics most used for the control of verminoses in small ruminants in Brazil are of the family of Benzimidazois, Imidazotiazoles and Macrocyclic Lactones. Despite the increasing resistance of the parasites to the vermifugs, promising alternatives of treatment of the verminoses in sheep have appeared, one of them is the use of plants with antiparasitic action. In this sense the Indian neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss) has shown encouraging results when used for this purpose. The neem has already been used in the most different applications, in agriculture it is used in the fight against more than 200 pests and in the cattle raising has been increasing the interest for its use. Neem can be used in the form of hay, extract, pie or even as cold extracted oil. The use of this plant and its derivatives has already been shown to be effective in combating ectoparasites such as ticks, and in some studies it has been able to reduce egg counts per gram of feces (EPG) in small ruminants. It is therefore evident that the main problem of Brazilian sheep farming is gastrointestinal parasitoses and that new means of control must be developed in order to find a solution to this problem. Thus, the use of neem oil is one of the most promising alternatives for success in antiparasitic treatments in sheep.