Diagnóstico da fiscalização ambiental de agrotóxicos ilegais no Rio Grande do Sul

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Maria, José Luis
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Centro de Engenharias; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Ambientais; UFPel; Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Ciências ambientais; Fiscalização ambiental; Agrotóxicos ilegais; Ação de fiscalização; Autos de infração; Contrabando; Defensivos agrícolas; Environmental inspection; Illegal pesticides; Inspection action; Infringement proceedings; Smuggling; Agricultural pesticide; CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS
• Link de acesso: http://guaiaca.ufpel.edu.br/handle/prefix/4862

From the Second World War, as a result of the so-called Green Revolution, technological innovations were implemented to obtain greater productivity, through mechanization of the field, the development of seed research, soil fertilization and the use of chemicals called in the first instance. of pesticides. The increasingly intensive use of these substances is responsible for environmental contamination and harm to human health, as well as fostering the search for illegal forms of acquisition such as counterfeiting, use of unregistered products and international trafficking in view of its high cost and the delay in clearance by the control agencies. Given the above, the objective of this study was to identify the characteristics of environmental monitoring of pesticides in Rio Grande do Sul, in order to diagnose their difficulties and their positive points, exploring the possibilities of monitoring the trafficking and use of illegal pesticides. Through the Ibama database, data on infringement acts related to illegal pesticides between 2010 and 2017 were analyzed, relating to locality, agencies involved in the actions, types of action and causes of assessment, processing dates of the stages. principal and value of the fines imposed. We found that the most frequent acts are related to the transportation of illegal pesticides (56% of occurrences) and the result of enforcement actions by Ibama (36%) and the PRF, for the most part (35%). It was possible to verify greater efficiency in enforcement actions by investing in scheduled actions and adoption of digital system, reflecting a 400% increase in tax assessment notices and a 300% increase in routine enforcement actions. This same system allowed, from 2014, greater homogeneity in the value of fines attributed to violators, greater agility and accuracy in the registration of actions. At the same time, in the final years of the assessment period, the time elapsed between the enforcement action and the drawing up of the infringement notice, which may reach more than one year, has considerably decreased. Despite the difficulties still faced by the inspection of illegal pesticides in Rio Grande do Sul, we could see evidence of greater current effectiveness of the dangerous products inspection actions carried out by Ibama and other institutions. The present study seeks to contribute to the identification of factors responsible for the efficiency of enforcement, essential for inhibiting illegal actions and reducing impunity in this sector.