Turismo e patrimônio cultural sob a ótica decolonial: um outro modo de ver o centro histórico de Porto Seguro (Bahia-Brasil)

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Barbosa, Mirella Costa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM TURISMO
• Palavras-chave em Português: Turismo; Patrimônio cultural; Decolonialidade; Porto Seguro (BA); Centro histórico; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::TURISMO
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/63131

Decolonial studies have been at the epicenter of academic debates since the late 1990s. Decoloniality emerges as an epistemic movement that proposes deconstructing colonial narratives, overcoming and breaking with hegemonic logic, valuing local, indigenous and AfroBrazilian knowledge and traditions, and fostering egalitarian relations between subaltern groups. Notably marked by colonial narratives and elements, Porto Seguro is a city located in the state of Bahia that sometimes has its historical context reduced to the invasion of Brazil. In the field of tourism, Chambers and Buzinde (2015) pioneered decolonial theory applied to studies in the area. Since then, there has been an increase in academic production along these lines. The aim of this research is to understand the tourism perceptions and practices of local tourism managers and agents in the Historic Center of Porto Seguro, analyzed from a decolonial perspective. The research is configured as a case study in order to investigate the relationship between tourism, cultural heritage and the decolonial approach. It is characterized as exploratory research, as it seeks to understand a topic that has not yet been studied from this perspective, making it possible to expand discussions and knowledge on the subject. It is also descriptive in nature, with a qualitative approach. It records and details the characteristics and practices associated with heritage and its relationship with tourism. This dissertation adopts a critical perspective by questioning the power structures and inequalities present in the management and valorization of cultural heritage. Based on the theoretical writings of the decolonial strand, this study is dedicated to examining how hegemonic narratives contribute to the subalternization of local practices, knowledge and cultures, proposing reflections and paths towards another way of looking at tourism and heritage. Data was collected through documentary research, looking for information on the official websites and networks of Porto Seguro City Hall and in institutional documents such as the Municipal Master Plan, the National Culture Plan (PNC), the Integrated Sustainable Tourism Development Plan (PDITS) and the Territorial Plan for Sustainable and Solidarity Development (PTDSS). This study also included semi-structured interviews, which complemented the participant observations. The data collected was studied using Content Analysis (CA) and Discourse Analysis (DA). The results showed the silencing and subordination of the city's cultural heritage and the effective lack of dialogue between managers and local tourism agents, manifested by the divergence between the discourses and practices adopted. It was also found that promoting tourism from a decolonial perspective is a complex and ongoing challenge, which requires, first and foremost, a theoretical understanding of the concept, working in the pedagogical context and then in the tourism and marketing context. In addition, there are political obstacles, since this issue is not yet a priority for discussion by managers at municipal or state level. It was observed that, despite the incipient individual efforts seen in this research, the actions linked to the characteristics of the decolonial approach are fragmented and limited, indicating that there is a long and permanent process to be developed, which lacks the integration and participation of tourism managers and agents.