Utilização da fluidodinâmica computacional como ferramenta de estudo em bombas centrífugas

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Bezerra, Ana Rafaelly Amaral
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENGENHARIA MECÂNICA
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bombas centrífugas; Fluidodinâmica computacional; Simulação numérica; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA MECANICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/26258

Centrifugal pumps are widely used in many industrial applications and they are usually considered the main component of the system. The comprehension of the components behavior is indispensable for the development and improvement of more efficient, reliable and economical systems, since small gains in efficiency can avoid waste of large amounts of energy. However, the analysis of the internal flow of a centrifugal pump is an arduous and expensive task for experimental techniques. This analysis and the determination of the operational characteristics can be supported by numerical simulations, using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) techniques, which allows the prediction of flow behavior with off-design conditions, providing reduction of costs and time. This work presents the design and numerical simulations of a centrifugal pump (rotor and volute). The geometric characteristics were obtained from project recommendations of the classical literature, and numerical simulations were performed using the ANSYS CFX code. Numerical simulations were also performed on a rotor pump model, which is commercialized and manufactured in Brazil, in order to ensure the reliability of the results. In both simulations, it was required to develop 3D models, to generate suitable computational meshes and to define proper boundary conditions. With the simulations results for the proposed slow type radial centrifugal pump with a discharge of 59.5 m3 / h, a head of 50 m and a rotational speed of 3600 rpm, it was possible to obtain the elevation height curve as well as the velocity triangle behavior along the rotor blade. In addition, an evaluation of the flow was carried out by studying the pressure and velocity fields in the rotor and the volute, and the influence of the roughness on the height of the pump lift was verified. The studies showed that the numerical results are in agreement with the projected values, with the manometric height being 10% above the expected value. In addition, the flow characterization and pump performance analysis revealed that CFD was a useful and reliable design tool.