Internação por pneumonia em crianças menores de cinco anos de idade: uma análise espaço-temporal e de condições nutricionais

• Ano de defesa: 2020
• Autor(a) principal: Mendes, Amanda de Conceição Leão
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COLETIVA
• Palavras-chave em Português: Pneumonia; Internação; Vitamina A; Tendências; Análise espacial; Saúde da criança; Hospitalization; Vitamin A; Trends; Spatial analysis; Child Health
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/30618

Introduction: Pneumonia is associated with a high rate of hospitalization. Among the risk factors for this disease are those of socioeconomic, environmental and nutritional origin. Objectives:To analyze hospital morbidity due to pneumonia inchildren under five years of age, from the perspective of space and time and nutritional conditions. Methods:Two analyzes were carried out, the first addressing an ecological study of hospitalizations for pneumonia in children under five years old in Brazil and the second, an integrative review on the prevalence of vitamin A deficiency in children hospitalized for pneumonia. In the ecological study, data from the SUS Hospitalization Information System from 2000 to 2019 were used. The temporal trend was analyzed by the Joinpoint Regression and the spatial analysis by the techniques of Moran, SatScan and Skater scanning. For the Integrative Review, publications were searched in PubMed, LILACS, Web of Science, Scopus and CINAHL, and in the gray literature -OpenGrey, Proquest and Google Scholar. The studies were screened in the eligibility phase and read in full and those who did not answer the research question were excluded. Methodological quality was assessed using the Downs & Black (1998)and JBI checklists. Results:a SUS hospitalization rate for pneumonia of 25.08 / 1000 children in 2000 and 13.83 / 1000 children in 2019 was identified. A significant downward trend was identified in the period from 2000 to 2019 for Brazil (APC = -3.4% CI95% -3.8; -3.0). The spatial analysis showed weak spatial autocorrelation (I <0.3), although clusters with high rates in the southern region and low rates in the northeast and southeast regions have been identified. The Scan scan map showed Relative Risk <1 for these regions. The Skater map showed clusters of areas with high rates in areas of better socioeconomic conditions and greater offer of health services in southern Brazil. The integrative review included 7 studies, which indicated subclinical and clinical vitamin A deficiency in children hospitalized for pneumonia, with the highest frequencyof subclinical and clinical deficiency being 93.2% and 68.9%, respectively. Conclusion:There is a tendency to reduce hospitalization for pneumonia in the SUS associated with contextual factors and there is a high frequencyof vitamin A deficiency in children hospitalized for pneumonia