Análise do efeito da padronização das medidas de prevenção de infeção da corrente sanguínea relacionada ao cateter central de inserção periférica em recém-nascidos na unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Diniz, Edienne Rosângela Sarmento
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM SAÚDE COLETIVA
• Palavras-chave em Português: Infecções relacionadas a cateter; Recém-nascidos; Unidade de terapia intensiva neonatal; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::SAUDE COLETIVA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/49455

Introduction: The use of peripherally inserted central catheter in neonatology hassignificantly contributed to the reduction of neonatal mortality in neonatal intensive care units.It is safe intravenous practice favors the hemodynamic stabilization of the newborn, allowsthe administration of vesicant drugs, irritants and parenteral nutrition. Therefore, this studyhas as main objective to analyze the effect of the standardization of infection preventionmeasures during the insertion and handling of the peripherally inserted central venouscatheter by the catheter team on the incidence of CRBSI in newborns in the NeonatalIntensive Care Unit. Methodology: The thesis is divided into three studies. 1) Systematicreview protocol, which addresses the prevalence of complications associated with the use ofPICCs in newborns (NBs); 2) prospective cohort that evaluated risk factors for thedevelopment of catheter-related bloodstream infection (CRBIS) in newborns; 3) cohort withretro and prospective analysis, which analyzed the effect of the standardization of infectionprevention measures adopted by the PICC team on the number of CRBSI cases in neonates inthe Neonatal Intensive Care Unit. Results: in article 1 it was observed the prevalence ofcomplications resulting from inadequate management of the PICC in NBs, informationconsidered important for the improvement of clinical practice. In article 2, it was found thatthe majority of the sample was composed of premature infants, with inadequate weight,respiratory disorders and heart disease, but there was no association of these variables withthe CRBSI. Neonates with PICC in the upper limbs had a higher risk of CRBSI(RR=2.84;95%CI 1.02-6.85). At article 3 analyzed 365 newborns who used the PICC, who underwent563 catheter insertion procedures, of which 69 had CRBSI, giving an incidence of CRBSI of12.3%. In the analysis of the characteristics related to the PICC insertion procedure inneonates due to the CRBSI notification, the variables significantly associated with theoccurrence of CRBSI were the vessel accessed (p=0.002) and catheter position(p=0.005). Inthe statistical analysis of the variables related to infusion therapy, a statistical significance wasobserved in the association between the occurrence of CRBSI and the use of two ATBduring the first antibiotic therapy regimen, which presented a value of p<0.05. There wasalso a description of 8 groups of pathogens involved in the 69 cases of CRBSI, the most common pathogens related to CRBSI in newborns with PICC being Enterobacteriaceae(5.2%), coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (3.4%) and Coagulase positive Staphylococcus(2.0%). Conclusion: it was observed In the statistical analysis of the variables related toinfusion therapy, especially when they adopt procedures based on scientific evidence, whichunderlie thesystematization of the work process for the proper monitoring of risk factorsrelated to the incidence of CRBSI in newborns, surveillance during the procedure, andinfusion therapy. However, it is observed that effect of standardization of preventionmeasures adopted by the catheter team in the UTIN have had an impact on thereduction of development of cateter related bloodstream infection.