Degradação termocatalítica de petróleo pesado utilizando SBA-15 contendo alumínio e cério

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Araújo, Larissa Cicianny Luz Ferreira de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIA E ENGENHARIA DE PETRÓLEO
• Palavras-chave em Português: Meio ambiente; Catálise; Materiais mesoporosos (SBA-15 e M-SBA-15); Petróleo pesado; Termogravimentria; Osawa Flynn Wall; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA::TECNOLOGIA QUIMICA::PETROLEO E PETROQUIMICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/23517

Nanomaterials (catalysts) are microporous and mesoporous considered promising for obtaining light oil products from heavy oil fractions and adsorbents for environmental protection. This paper reported the synthesizes by hydrothermal method, and characterization of mesoporous heterogeneous catalysts, the SBA-15 type with addition of metals cerium and aluminum, evaluating their activity and selectivity in the thermal degradation of heavy oil. Samples of nanostructured materials were characterized by thermal gravimetric analysis (TG / DTG), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), ray fluorescence spectroscopy X (XRF) spectroscopy, absorption in the infrared region Fourier transform (FTIR) and nitrogen adsorption (BET). The characterization showed that the synthesized materials resulted in a nanostructured catalyst and ordered pore diameter and surface area according to the literature. In order to check the catalytic activity of the same, we used a heavy oil sample (°API = 14), supplied by Petrobras, is performing through thermogravimetry the process of thermal and catalytic degradation of the oil. Through the thermogravimetric curves, it was observed a reduction in the opening of oil decomposition catalytic process temperature. Through non isothermal kinetic model Ozawa Flynn Wall (OFW) gave some parameters to determine the apparent activation energy of decomposition. Obtaining as results of X-ray diffraction showed through characteristic peaks that the hexagonal structure was formed, noting that the best reason was Si / Ce = 5 because of its intensity at a high angle. The infrared spectra showed absorptions family material characteristics SBA-15. The nitrogen adsorption, obtaining parameters compatible with those found in the literature which confer them to be promising in the field of oil degradation due to their mesopores facilitate access of large molecules. The average pore diameter varied significantly with the incorporation of aluminum and cerium. The wall thickness (Wt) was in the range from 2.96 to 4.07 nm, thus observing an increase in this parameter which is due to incorporation of the metals into the wall, indicating that the incorporation of cerium, did not block the mesopores. The addition of aluminum reduced the surface area (SBET) of 893 to 763 m2 g-1, however with the addition of cerium with aluminum this area increased to 826 m2 g-1. For the oil temperature and the initial end of weight loss; presenting only two events due to mercaptídico sulfur, which influences the appearance of the third event, since that content is measured by the amount of sulfur in aromatic rings (heavy HC). The mixture of oil + 12% of Ce5Al50SBA-15 showing the catalytic activity of this material.