Educar a mão e o olhar para o trabalho: a disciplina Desenho na Escola de Aprendizes Artífices do Rio Grande do Norte (1909 - 1937)

• Ano de defesa: 2021
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Juan Carlo da Cruz
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM EDUCAÇÃO
• Palavras-chave em Português: Desenho; Disciplinas escolares; Escola de Aprendizes Artífices; História da Educação Profissional; História da Educação Matemática
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/32764

This thesis has as object of study the school subject Drawing in the scope of the Professional Education. Our objective was to understand the role of the subject of Drawing in the formation for the work in the School of Artistic Apprentices of Rio Grande do Norte. The time cut researched began with the creation of the professional institution in the state of Potiguar, in 1909, by Decree No. 7,566 of the Federal Government, and continued until the change of name of this institution, in 1937, which is now called the Industrial High School of Natal. The work is inserted in the field of the History of Education, more specifically in the interface of the domains of the History of School Subjects, the History of Professional Education and the History of Mathematics Education. The research is based on the theoretical perspective of French historiography, with notions of the New Cultural History according to Roger Chartier, representations, practices, circulation of ideas and appropriation, and with conceptions of the History of Disciplines according to André Chervel. With regard to the methodological foundations, we approach the classical historical method according to Jörn Rüsen. Our sources are bibliographical and documental, the latter consisting of sets of legal, administrative, pedagogical and public order. We defend that the discipline Desenho was constituted, in the scope of Professional Education, from ideas in circulation in the world and in Brazil, with the representation that understood it as a basis for the formation of labor for work and, throughout its history as a school discipline, went through a change of this status. Throughout the text we have come to the confirmation of this thesis, because through the appropriation of different ideas in circulation by the actors of Brazilian professional education who assume protagonism during the temporal cutout, the discipline Desenho goes through a displacement of its initial role of relevance. Thus, the Drawing is being reconfigured, starting its trajectory as an allied to the intuitive method in the search for education of the senses, of the hand and of the gaze, spreading drawing to the natural and to the free hand, becoming intrinsically linked to Geometry, becoming a Geometric Drawing with the intention of representing the object with precision and perfection, and ending up as a Technical Drawing itself, emphasizing itself in the alliance between theory and practice, thus having its status in the context of Professional Education shifted to the division of protagonism with another discipline.