Potencial da espécie vegetal Jatropha molissima (Pohl) Baill. contra os efeitos tóxicos da serpente Bothrops jararaca e do escorpião Tityus serrulatus

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Gomes, Jacyra Antunes dos Santos
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM CIÊNCIAS FARMACÊUTICAS
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bothrops jararaca; Tityus serrulatus; Jatropha mollissima; Atividade antiofídica; Atividade escorpiônica; Alterações sistêmicas; Atividade antioxidante; CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::FARMACIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/27948

Accidents caused by venomous animals are a serious public health problem. In Brazil, most accidents are associated with snakes of the genus Bothrops and the scorpion of the genus Tityus. Currently, the main available treatment is the antivenom serum therapy, which has some limitations, such as inability to neutralize local effects, risks of immunological reactions, high cost and difficult access in some regions. In this context, the search for new complementary alternatives to treat venomous animals is relevant. Jatropha mollissima (Pohl) Baill., (Euphorbiaceae), a medicinal plant popularly known in Brazil as "pinhão bravo" is very used in folk medicine as antiophidic and antiinflammatory. Given the relevance of systemic effects of B. jararaca venom and T. serrulatus venom envenoming, the aim of the present work was evaluate the inhibitory efficacy of aqueous extract from leaves of J. mollissima upon systemic effects induced by these venoms. The effect of oral treatment with aqeous extract upon hematological, hemostatic, biochemical alterations and oxidative stress in response to B. jararaca vemom injection was evaluated in mice; and pulmonary edema, biochemical alterations and oxidative stress produced in response to T. serrulatus venom. Extract reduced significantly the effect of venom upon fibrinogen, platelets and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), indicating the action of extract upon hemostatic effects of B. jararaca venom. The extract also inhibited B. jararaca venom effects on leukocyte blood series, which indicates benefitial effects upon inflammatory processes. The extract was also able to reduce significantly the renal, hepatic, muscular and pancreatic toxicity of B. jararaca venom, by reverting the effects upon serum levels of urea, uric acid, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and amylase. The extract inhibited the hepatic and renal oxidative stress of B. jararaca venom, indicating a possible antioxidant action. In addition, pulmonary edema induced by T. serrulatus venom was inhibited significantly by extract. Myeloperoxidase and IL-6 and IL-1β cytokines were reduced in the presence of extract, indicating benefitial effects upon inflammatory processes. The extract was also able to reduce significantly the renal, hepatic, muscular and pancreatic toxicity of T. serrulatus venom, by reverting the effects upon serum levels LDH, creatine kinase (CK), urea, creatinine, AST and amylase suggesting an inhibition of hepatic, renal and pancreatic damage. The extract inhibited the hepatic and renal oxidative stress of T. serrulatus venom, indicating a possible antioxidant action. In vitro, J. mollissima was able to inhibit hemolysis and cytotoxicity against MDCK cells, indicating that the absence of toxicity and, finally, the extract showed antioxidant activity in different models. Thus, it is concluded that the extract of J. mollissima posseses compounds able of decresae systemic alterations induced by B. jararaca and T. serrulatus, indicating the potentiality of this vegetal species as a source of bioactive molecules against bothropic and scorpionic venoms.