O pio da coruja, "fito na vida” e destino: no rastro do trágico em S. Bernardo

• Ano de defesa: 2023
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Jackeline Rebouças
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ESTUDOS DA LINGUAGEM
• Palavras-chave em Português: Romance; Ramos, Graciliano, 1892-1953. S. Bernardo; Trágico; CNPQ::LINGUISTICA, LETRAS E ARTES::LINGUISTICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/60038

This master's degree research aims to study how manifestations of the ´tragic´ are present in a novel titled S. Bernardo, by Brazilian author Graciliano Ramos. The work considers elements in the novel regarding issues posed such as daily social relations, the clash of societal values, seen in characters who represent specific types of social conditions such as Paulo Honório, a character that is a capitalist and a truculent farmer, who puts his ambition above everything and everyone, as well as another character, Madalena, a humanist teacher with advanced ideas, who fights against social problems. The research aims to reveal that the ‘tragic’ is based on the new laws of modern society and the social roles of the pre-capitalist period – not considering in the metaphysical meanings of antiquity, but rather the capitalist principles that govern the life and destiny of the protagonist. Thus, the research acknowledges the problematic hero postulated by Lukács (1999), as the personality of the central character is shaped by capitalism. Therefore, his actions are driven by individual objectives and he seeks the meaning of life through social elevation. In this study, the protagonist's individualism and daily conflicts bring forth the idea of tragedy, leading him towards isolation, destruction and ruin. When the study of the ´tragic´ in this novel is validated, it also becomes possible to establish a relationship with some traces of antiquity, such as: the omen present in the owl's cries, pathos, various incidentes and the presence of hamartia and anagnorisis, considering that these elements vary over time and depend on the historical context. The research´s methodology was bibliography based on a qualitative approach, considering the author´s critical awareness as well as a set of philosophical, sociological and historical theories once literature is a mean of expression that cannot be dissociated from the context in which it was written and, therefore, showing deep connection between Man and Society. The main references that guided this study were: Georg Lukács (1999), Carlos Nelson Coutinho (1977), Sônia Brayner (1977), Raymond Williams (2002), Northrop Frye (1957, 2013), all of which contributed with important views, aligning the ‘tragic’ to the social historical context.