Uso corporativo do território e "facções" de costura: a reorganização espacial do setor de confecções de artigos do vestuário no Rio Grande do Norte

• Ano de defesa: 2018
• Autor(a) principal: Galindo, Leonardo da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM GEOGRAFIA
• Palavras-chave em Português: Divisão territorial do trabalho; Uso corporativo do território; Facções de costura; Pró-Sertão; Rio Grande do Norte; CNPQ::CIENCIAS HUMANAS::GEOGRAFIA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/jspui/handle/123456789/25502

From the 2000s, the use of the territory by the apparel sector garnered new impetus in Rio Grande do Norte (RN) through the dissemination of establishments and jobs to municipalities in the interior of the state. Since 2013 with the creation of the Program of Interior Industrialization (Pro-Sertão), this dynamic is accentuated at the same time as the number of jobs in the Metropolitan Region of Natal (RMN) decreased. On the other hand, the establishments located in the interior only perform the garment sewing stage, being subordinated to the industries located in the NMR. Thus, our general objective is to understand how the corporate use of territory evidenced by sewing "factions" and programs such as Pró-Sertão contributes to the spatial reorganization of the garment industry in Rio Grande do Norte. The methodological procedures used involve bibliographical research, collection and systematization of secondary data and fieldwork. From the latter, primary data were produced involving 66 sewing factions in 15 municipalities of all mesoregions of the state. The analysis reveals that the RN participates in the territorial division of industrial labor in Brazil from the production of garments in relation to the supply of cheap labor in relation to the South and Southeast, and by the existence of a normative apparatus that stimulates the growth of the sector. The largest industries, located in the RMN, in a process of organizational change began to outsource the sewing stage to smaller productive units located in the interior of the state, in order to reduce costs with investments and costs related to maintenance of the workforce. This process is based on the constitution of the corporate use of the territory, from which various agents in organizational solidarity each play a specific role in the realization of the interests of the great industries, which control the whole productive process. The typology and topology of the sewing factions show a greater density of companies and diversity of types in Jardim do Seridó, São José do Seridó and Parelhas. The greater dynamism of the activity in Seridó potiguar is related to the smaller possibilities of access to formal employment, especially in small municipalities, where there is an expressive reserve army of labor available to be exploited in the sewing factions. In this context, the opening of factions allowed a greater economic dynamics in part of Seridó and the increase in the supply of jobs, so that the spatial reorganization of economic activity led to a process of productive specialization, with places where more than half of the population with formal employment works in the clothing sector. In Agreste and Eastern Potiguar, the proximity to Natal and Parnamirim and the existence of a public transport network allows the population of its municipalities greater possibilities of access to formal employment, which explains a lower incidence and the less dynamism of the sewing factions . In Natal and Parnamirim, the price of land and labor costs (transport and food) led to a decline in the number of factions.