Avaliação do impacto de descargas atmosféricas em aerogeradores utilizando o ATP

• Ano de defesa: 2022
• Autor(a) principal: Rodrigues, Pedro Mateus Pimenta
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte; Brasil; UFRN; PROGRAMA DE PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO EM ENERGIA ELÉTRICA
• Palavras-chave em Português: ATPdraw; Aerogeradores; Transitórios eletromagnéticos; Descargas atmosféricas; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufrn.br/handle/123456789/51149

The growth of wind energy generation is aligned with the reduction of polluting gases in the atmosphere, and wind energy is a clean and renewable source of energy with great potential to generate employment. These factors make wind energy fit national energy goals and make up a portion of the country's energy matrix. Brazil is a country of continental dimensions and has regions with high incidences of lightning. The impacts caused by lightning on wind turbines and other components of a wind farm are one of the most important topics in the implementation and operation of wind farms. In addition, several wind farms are installed in mountainous areas that have soil with high resistivity, causing, in addition to greater exposure to lightning, a difficulty in guaranteeing the effective flow of spurious currents to the soil. In some cases, in addition to the forced shutdown that causes the unavailability of the generating units, the recompositing through the replacement of machine components can be extremely expensive, in view of the dimensions and specificities of some of these items. This work aims to evaluate the behavior of voltage surges caused by the impact of lightning in wind farms, for this, equivalent circuit models are used for the various components of the wind turbine, blades, tower, mechanical and electrical connection systems, and the electrical ground of the turbine. A standard wind farm with synchronous generators connected to the transmission grid will be used to assess the voltage levels caused by the incidence of lightning strikes. The simulations will be carried out with the ATP (Alternative Transients Program), through its graphical interface ATPdraw. During the simulations, modifications to specific parameters are carried out to investigate the behavior of the system during the transient caused by the impact of lightning, so that the scenarios that allow the validation and proposal of improvements about the response to outbreaks can be evaluated.