Respostas agron?micas e nutricionais do capim-massai submetido a doses e fontes de ureia comum e de efici?ncia aumentada

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Aline Barros da
• Orientador(a): Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Brand?o de
• Banca de defesa: Carvalho, Carlos Augusto Brand?o de, Oliveira, Ana Paula Pessim de, Campos, F?bio Prud?ncia de
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Zootecnia
• Departamento: Instituto de Zootecnia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Aduba??o nitrogenada; Esta??es do ano; Panicum maximum
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Nitrogen fertilization; Seasons of the year
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Zootecnia
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/1996

The search for the best efficiency in the nitrogen fertilization justifies the need in the evaluation in nitrogen (N) sources and doses what promote lower losses in the ambient, beyond higher productivity and quality of the forage produced. In that contest, this study aimed to evaluation the morphological composition, structural characteristics and nutritional value of the Panicum maximum cv. Massai forage, cultivated under urea sources (common and coated Policote?) and N doses (200, 400 e 600 kg ha-1 year-1), during autumn, winter and spring 2014, summer and autumn 2015 seasons. The experiment was conducted in UFRRJ, Serop?dica/RJ, under a complete block randomized design with four replications in a factorial arrangement (3x2) + 1. The variance analysis of data was performed using the PROC MIXED of the SAS? (9.2 version), a 5% probability. The means of treatments were compared using PDIFF (p<0.05), and the quantitative effects using a PROC REG of SAS? (probability<0.05). There was interaction (p<0.05) between doses, sources of urea, and seasons for the forage mass (FM), percentages of leaf blades (LBDMP), stem (SDMP) and dead material (DMDMP) dry matter, leaves blades: steams ratio (LBSR), forage accumulation rate (FAR), nitrogen use efficiency (NUE), and for dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP) content of the forage. Since the canopy height (CH), tiller population density (TPD), weight per tiller (WT) and forage bulk density (FBD), mineral matter (MM) and insoluble neutral detergent fiber (NDF) contents of the forage varied (p<0.05) due to N rates and seasons interaction. There was a linear increased in the FM with increasing of N doses until to the 600 kg ha-1 yr-1 level in the winter and spring seasons by both urea sources. The increasing N doses promoted higher LBDMP and lower SDMP and DMDMP of the FM, besides providing increased TPD, FBD and FAR of the massai grass forage, during all seasons studied. There was a quadratic positive effect for NUE during autumn 1, spring, summer and autumn 2 for common and coated urea, with higher maximum points for coated urea. And during the winter there was a positive linear effect only for coated urea. Higher average values of the CP were verified on the spring (11.76%), and lower on the autumn/winter (9.15%), and the use of coated urea providing higher CP levels of the forage than common urea in all seasons (10.40% and 9.41% general average, respectively). The CP content increased linearly with the increase of N levels in all seasons, while the NDF reduced linearly with increasing of these levels, except for the fall season 2 (there was not effect for N dose - p>0.05). Intensification of nitrogen fertilization favors the leaf blades participation in the forage mass, benefiting the structural characteristics, the forage accumulation, and the nutritional value of Massai grass. Coated urea promotes greater NUE during all seasons of the year.