Pol?ticas p?blicas e fechamento das escolas do campo no Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Guimar?es, F?bio de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Santos, Ramofly Bicalho dos
• Banca de defesa: Santos, Ramofly Bicalho dos, Oliveira, Lia Maria Teixeira de, Santos, Rafael dos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Educa??o Agr?cola
• Departamento: Instituto de Agronomia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Fechamento das escolas do campo; Movimentos sociais; Educa??o do campo; Luta pela terra
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Closure of rural schools; Social movements; Field education; Fight for land
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Educa??o
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2434

The research studied the challenges of rural education: closure of rural schools in Brazil. One of the problems still experienced today in the countryside is the rural exodus and the terrible conditions of access and permanence in these spaces. Our main objective with this text is to evaluate the extremely high rates of closure of rural schools in Brazil in the last fifteen years. About 32,512 schools were closed, according to the source of the II PNERA - Report of the II National Survey on Education in Agrarian Reform. The Constitution of the Brazilian Federative Republic of 1988, the Law on the Guidelines and Bases of National Education and the following public policies: PRONERA - National Program for Education in Agrarian Reform, PROCAMPO - Support Program for Higher Education in Field Education and PRONACAMPO - National Program of Field Education are radically against the policy of closing schools. The course of this work was accomplished through the survey of sources, critical analysis of existing documentation, legislation, visits to universities, social movements of the field and libraries. As still partial results of the work we understand the culture in a very broad sense of educational formation of the subjects, bearers of references to the identity, action and memory of the different groups formed in the Brazilian society. In the Dissertation, we will defend an educational service specialized in the rural schools, including creating possibilities for individual and collective subjects in the field to have the same teaching conditions in capitals and urban centers. We will rescue the identities of gender, race and culture of the various localities of the peasants, contemplating the diversity of educators and learners in their formation. The closure of the rural schools, daycare centers, preschools, elementary and high schools, can be characterized as a crime against public administration and punished with all the rigor of the Law. If possible, they are treated as heinous crimes, adolescents at risk, leading to rural exodus, crime, disorderly growth, irregular land occupation, among other aspects. Denied basic elementary human rights to the subjects of the field, a chain reaction is generated. Individuals and camp collectives are assaulted and marginalized, deprived of the basic subsistence minimum. This debate is strengthened on March 27, 2014. Article 28 of the LDB was amended with the following text: "The closing of rural schools, indigenous and quilombolas will be preceded by a manifestation of the normative organ of the respective education system, which will consider the justification presented by the Secretary of Education, the analysis of the diagnosis of the impact of the action and the manifestation of the school community. " At this juncture, the social movements of the countryside are protagonists and denounce the daily lives of students who live in the countryside, however, to continue their studies, it is necessary to travel to the city.