Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo
Ano de defesa: | 2003 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo
|
Departamento: |
Instituto de Agronomia
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/243 |
Resumo: | Soil fungi groups may favor increasing in the plant absorption of nutrients. These are known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and are distributed in most of the agricultural and natural systems, in mutualistic association with plant roots. The symbiosis associated to the mineralization of soil organic matter, overly influences the plant nutrition. The understanding of alterations occurring in the carbon of the soil microbial biomass (Cmic) and in the activity of this biomass, when different vegetable coverings are used, may offer conditions for choosing the best management strategies to favor the maintenance of organic matter in the soil. This study had two objectives, the first to determine the active portion and the dynamics of AMF, related to the effect seasonal changes and soil management practices on these fungi. The studied soils were under organic cultivation of vegetables and fruit trees (Cap?tulo I). The second objective was to determine alterations in the carbon of the microbial biomass (Cmic), and loss to atmosphere in the form of CO2, as a function of seasonality and management of green mass of perennial herbaceous legumes, in a Red-Yellow Argissolo (Ultisol) (Chapter II). In the chapter I, the data showed that all vegetables and fruit trees were colonized by FMA, in the dry and rainy seasons. Twenty-seven AMF species were identified in the field. Glomus macrocarpum, Glomus etunicatum, Acaulospora mellea and Entrophosphora colombiana prevailed in the rizosfera of vegetables and fruit trees and showed to be more adapted on organic cultivation system. G. macrocarpum showed larger occurrence frequency (FO), and it was found in all crops roots. The highest richness of species occurred on banana's rizosfera. In the greenhouse experiment eighteen species of AMF were recovered in the vases. The sorghum was used as a trap crop. Acaulospora mellea, Glomus claroideum, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus macrocarpum multiplied in higher intensity in the vases and presented a fast infection of the sorghum roots. Therefore, these species should be considered in inoculation programs. The sweet potato cultivation (BD2) showed higher AMF esporulation during the dry period. The seasonality and soil management resulted in differentiated effects in the mycorrhizal colonization and population of AMF spores. These were more evident on cultivation BD2. In the chapter II, the results showed that Arachis pintoi coverage induced higher Cmic in the soil, in relation to the Pueraria phaseoloides and Macroptilium atropurpureum, especially in the dry season. This legume contributed to increase of organic carbon (CO) during the rainy season, mainly when the residues were maintained as soil coverage. Losses of carbon through microbial respiration (RM), as the microbial biomass activity, evaluated from the qCO2, occurred in higher intensity in the rainy season, even when the soil covering were maintained. Probably, due to the stimuli of microbial metabolism, when there was a high energetic offer. |
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De-Polli, Helv?cio245.428.067-15http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783561H0Berbara, Ricardo Luiz Louro483.564.257-00http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781985E7555.202.861-91http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766872U2Marinho, Ney Freitas2016-04-26T19:36:48Z2007-12-052003-05-06MARINHO, Ney Freitas. Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo. 2003. 73 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2003.https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/243Soil fungi groups may favor increasing in the plant absorption of nutrients. These are known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and are distributed in most of the agricultural and natural systems, in mutualistic association with plant roots. The symbiosis associated to the mineralization of soil organic matter, overly influences the plant nutrition. The understanding of alterations occurring in the carbon of the soil microbial biomass (Cmic) and in the activity of this biomass, when different vegetable coverings are used, may offer conditions for choosing the best management strategies to favor the maintenance of organic matter in the soil. This study had two objectives, the first to determine the active portion and the dynamics of AMF, related to the effect seasonal changes and soil management practices on these fungi. The studied soils were under organic cultivation of vegetables and fruit trees (Cap?tulo I). The second objective was to determine alterations in the carbon of the microbial biomass (Cmic), and loss to atmosphere in the form of CO2, as a function of seasonality and management of green mass of perennial herbaceous legumes, in a Red-Yellow Argissolo (Ultisol) (Chapter II). In the chapter I, the data showed that all vegetables and fruit trees were colonized by FMA, in the dry and rainy seasons. Twenty-seven AMF species were identified in the field. Glomus macrocarpum, Glomus etunicatum, Acaulospora mellea and Entrophosphora colombiana prevailed in the rizosfera of vegetables and fruit trees and showed to be more adapted on organic cultivation system. G. macrocarpum showed larger occurrence frequency (FO), and it was found in all crops roots. The highest richness of species occurred on banana's rizosfera. In the greenhouse experiment eighteen species of AMF were recovered in the vases. The sorghum was used as a trap crop. Acaulospora mellea, Glomus claroideum, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus macrocarpum multiplied in higher intensity in the vases and presented a fast infection of the sorghum roots. Therefore, these species should be considered in inoculation programs. The sweet potato cultivation (BD2) showed higher AMF esporulation during the dry period. The seasonality and soil management resulted in differentiated effects in the mycorrhizal colonization and population of AMF spores. These were more evident on cultivation BD2. In the chapter II, the results showed that Arachis pintoi coverage induced higher Cmic in the soil, in relation to the Pueraria phaseoloides and Macroptilium atropurpureum, especially in the dry season. This legume contributed to increase of organic carbon (CO) during the rainy season, mainly when the residues were maintained as soil coverage. Losses of carbon through microbial respiration (RM), as the microbial biomass activity, evaluated from the qCO2, occurred in higher intensity in the rainy season, even when the soil covering were maintained. Probably, due to the stimuli of microbial metabolism, when there was a high energetic offer.A absor??o de nutrientes pelas plantas pode ser favorecida por grupos de fungos simbiontes do solo. Estes s?o conhecidos como fungos micorr?zicos arbusculares (FMA) e encontram-se distribu?dos na maioria dos agroecossistemas em associa??o mutual?stica com as ra?zes das plantas. Esta simbiose aliada a mineraliza??o da mat?ria org?nica do solo influenciam sobremaneira, e de forma sinerg?stica a nutri??o de plantas. O conhecimento das altera??es ocorridas no carbono da biomassa microbiana do solo (Cmic) e na atividade desta biomassa, por ocasi?o da utiliza??o de diferentes coberturas vegetais, pode oferecer condi??es para a escolha de melhores estrat?gias de manejo que favore?a a manuten??o da mat?ria org?nica no solo. Este trabalho teve os seguintes objetivos: determinar a por??o ativa e a din?mica dos FMA, em rela??o ao efeito sazonal e de pr?ticas de manejo em solos sob cultivo org?nico de hortali?as e fruteiras (Cap?tulo I); determinar altera??es no carbono da biomassa microbiana (Cmic) e sua perda para a atmosfera na forma de CO2, em fun??o da sazonalidade e do manejo da massa verde de leguminosas herb?ceas perenes, em ARGISSOLO VERMELHOAMARELO (Cap?tulo II). No cap?tulo I, os dados mostraram que todas as hortali?as e fruteiras encontravam-se colonizadas pelos FMA, tanto no per?odo seco, como no chuvoso. Vinte e sete esp?cies de FMA foram identificadas em levantamento de campo. As esp?cies Glomus macrocarpum, Glomus etunicatum, Acaulospora mellea e Entrophosphora colombiana predominaram na rizosfera das hortali?as e fruteiras e apresentaram serem mais adaptadas ao cultivo org?nico. G. macrocarpum apresentou maior freq??ncia de ocorr?ncia (FO) e foi encontrada na rizosfera de todas as culturas. A maior riqueza de esp?cies foi verificada na rizosfera da bananeira (BN2). Dezoito esp?cies de FMA foram recuperadas em vasos, em experimento de casa de vegeta??o. Utilizou-se o sorgo como cultura armadilha. Acaulospora mellea, Glomus claroideum, Glomus etunicatum e Glomus macrocarpum multiplicaram-se em maior intensidade nos vasos e apresentaram r?pida infec??o das ra?zes de sorgo. Portanto, podem ser consideras em programas de inocula??o. O cultivo de batata doce (BD2), apresentou maior esporula??o de FMA, durante o per?odo seco. A sazonalidade e o manejo exerceram efeitos diferenciados na coloniza??o micorr?zica e na popula??o de esporos de FMA. Estes foram mais evidentes no cultivo BD2. No capitulo II, os resultados mostraram que a cobertura de amendoim forrageiro (AF) induziu maior valor de Cmic no solo, em rela??o ao kudzu tropical (KT) e siratro (ST), especialmente na esta??o seca. Esta leguminosa contribu?u para o aumento do carbono org?nico (CO) durante o per?odo das chuvas, principalmente quando os res?duos for?o mantidos sobre o solo. As perdas de carbono atrav?s da respira??o microbiana (RM), assim como a atividade da biomassa microbiana, avaliada pelo qCO2, ocorreram em maior intensidade na esta??o das chuvas, mesmo quando foram mantidas as coberturas de solo. Provavelmente, devido ao maior est?mulo do metabolismo microbiano por ocasi?o de elevada oferta en?rgica.Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T19:36:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdf: 828126 bytes, checksum: b4a19eb32fb0eb468b6c77422724426f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2003-05-06CNPqapplication/pdfhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/retrieve/60771/2003%20-%20Ney%20Freitas%20Marinho.pdf.jpgporUniversidade Federal Rural do Rio de JaneiroPrograma de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do SoloUFRRJBrasilInstituto de Agronomiafungos micorr?zicosbiomassa microbianarespira??o do solocobertura do solosazonalidadeycorrhizal fungimicrobial biomasssoil respirationsoil coverageseasonalityAgronomiaInflu?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do soloInfluence of the agricultural management and climate on some soil biological attributesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJinstname:Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)instacron:UFRRJTHUMBNAIL2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdf.jpg2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdf.jpgimage/jpeg1943http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/243/19/2003+-+Ney+Freitas+Marinho.pdf.jpg8c1280dca4077478b5fad29883580c72MD519TEXT2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdf.txt2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdf.txttext/plain161455http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/243/18/2003+-+Ney+Freitas+Marinho.pdf.txte766d43c1881842d97a5859d6bb131baMD518ORIGINAL2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdf2003 - Ney Freitas Marinho.pdfapplication/pdf828258http://localhost:8080/tede/bitstream/tede/243/3/2003+-+Ney+Freitas+Marinho.pdf68bb751634b0157669f32db954fdbb4aMD53tede/2432021-04-22 17:46:22.323oai:localhost:tede/243Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://tede.ufrrj.br/PUBhttps://tede.ufrrj.br/oai/requestbibliot@ufrrj.br||bibliot@ufrrj.bropendoar:2021-04-22T20:46:22Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRRJ - Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro (UFRRJ)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Influence of the agricultural management and climate on some soil biological attributes |
title |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
spellingShingle |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo Marinho, Ney Freitas fungos micorr?zicos biomassa microbiana respira??o do solo cobertura do solo sazonalidade ycorrhizal fungi microbial biomass soil respiration soil coverage seasonality Agronomia |
title_short |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
title_full |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
title_fullStr |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
title_sort |
Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo |
author |
Marinho, Ney Freitas |
author_facet |
Marinho, Ney Freitas |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
De-Polli, Helv?cio |
dc.contributor.advisor1ID.fl_str_mv |
245.428.067-15 |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4783561H0 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Berbara, Ricardo Luiz Louro |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1ID.fl_str_mv |
483.564.257-00 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4781985E7 |
dc.contributor.authorID.fl_str_mv |
555.202.861-91 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4766872U2 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Marinho, Ney Freitas |
contributor_str_mv |
De-Polli, Helv?cio Berbara, Ricardo Luiz Louro |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
fungos micorr?zicos biomassa microbiana respira??o do solo cobertura do solo sazonalidade |
topic |
fungos micorr?zicos biomassa microbiana respira??o do solo cobertura do solo sazonalidade ycorrhizal fungi microbial biomass soil respiration soil coverage seasonality Agronomia |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
ycorrhizal fungi microbial biomass soil respiration soil coverage seasonality |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
Agronomia |
description |
Soil fungi groups may favor increasing in the plant absorption of nutrients. These are known as arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and are distributed in most of the agricultural and natural systems, in mutualistic association with plant roots. The symbiosis associated to the mineralization of soil organic matter, overly influences the plant nutrition. The understanding of alterations occurring in the carbon of the soil microbial biomass (Cmic) and in the activity of this biomass, when different vegetable coverings are used, may offer conditions for choosing the best management strategies to favor the maintenance of organic matter in the soil. This study had two objectives, the first to determine the active portion and the dynamics of AMF, related to the effect seasonal changes and soil management practices on these fungi. The studied soils were under organic cultivation of vegetables and fruit trees (Cap?tulo I). The second objective was to determine alterations in the carbon of the microbial biomass (Cmic), and loss to atmosphere in the form of CO2, as a function of seasonality and management of green mass of perennial herbaceous legumes, in a Red-Yellow Argissolo (Ultisol) (Chapter II). In the chapter I, the data showed that all vegetables and fruit trees were colonized by FMA, in the dry and rainy seasons. Twenty-seven AMF species were identified in the field. Glomus macrocarpum, Glomus etunicatum, Acaulospora mellea and Entrophosphora colombiana prevailed in the rizosfera of vegetables and fruit trees and showed to be more adapted on organic cultivation system. G. macrocarpum showed larger occurrence frequency (FO), and it was found in all crops roots. The highest richness of species occurred on banana's rizosfera. In the greenhouse experiment eighteen species of AMF were recovered in the vases. The sorghum was used as a trap crop. Acaulospora mellea, Glomus claroideum, Glomus etunicatum and Glomus macrocarpum multiplied in higher intensity in the vases and presented a fast infection of the sorghum roots. Therefore, these species should be considered in inoculation programs. The sweet potato cultivation (BD2) showed higher AMF esporulation during the dry period. The seasonality and soil management resulted in differentiated effects in the mycorrhizal colonization and population of AMF spores. These were more evident on cultivation BD2. In the chapter II, the results showed that Arachis pintoi coverage induced higher Cmic in the soil, in relation to the Pueraria phaseoloides and Macroptilium atropurpureum, especially in the dry season. This legume contributed to increase of organic carbon (CO) during the rainy season, mainly when the residues were maintained as soil coverage. Losses of carbon through microbial respiration (RM), as the microbial biomass activity, evaluated from the qCO2, occurred in higher intensity in the rainy season, even when the soil covering were maintained. Probably, due to the stimuli of microbial metabolism, when there was a high energetic offer. |
publishDate |
2003 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2003-05-06 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2007-12-05 |
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2016-04-26T19:36:48Z |
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MARINHO, Ney Freitas. Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo. 2003. 73 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2003. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/243 |
identifier_str_mv |
MARINHO, Ney Freitas. Influ?ncia do manejo agr?cola e do clima sobre alguns atributos biol?gicos do solo. 2003. 73 f. Disserta??o (Mestrado em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo) - Instituto de Agronomia, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop?dica - RJ, 2003. |
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https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/tede/243 |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro |
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Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Agronomia - Ci?ncia do Solo |
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UFRRJ |
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Brasil |
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Instituto de Agronomia |
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Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro |
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