Transmiss?o experimental de Borrelia anserina (Sakharoff, 1891) em Gallus gallus (Linnaeus, 1758): par?metros cl?nicos, bioqu?micos e an?tomo-histopatol?gicos

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Cepeda, Marcio Barizon
• Orientador(a): Fonseca, Adivaldo Henrique da
• Banca de defesa: Fonseca, Adivaldo Henrique da, Brito, Marilene de Farias, Can?ado, Paulo Henrique Duarte, Guedes J?nior, Daniel da Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Veterin?rias
• Departamento: Instituto de Veterin?ria
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Borreliose; galinhas dom?sticas; carrapatos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: borreliosis; domestic chickens; ticks
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Medicina Veterin?ria
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3327

Avian spirochaetosis is a cosmopolitan septicemic disease of acute stroke, which can affect various avian species and is caused by Borrelia anserina. This can be an extremely mobile spirochete found in the plasma of infected birds in the acute phase of the disease. The experiment aimed to establish the experimental transmission of B. anserina in Gallus gallus and evaluate the clinical, biochemical and anatomical and histopathological changes caused by infection. A total of 40 fowls were divided into four completely randomized groups of ten animals each: G1 - inoculated with serum infected with B. anserina; G2 - inoculated with 0.9% saline; G3 - exposed to nymphs of 3rd instar of Argas miniatus infected with B. anserina; G4 - exposed to nymphs of 3rd instar of A.miniatus free of B. anserina. The experiment lasted 24 days, being held daily, spirochetes were counted in the peripheral blood of sick birds during infection. Microscopic examination serum of infected groups, viewed in dark field microscopy, showed several spirochetes crowded at peak parasitaemia. The prepatent period and patency period in days for group 1 was, respectively, 2 ? 0, 30 and 5 ? 1,38. In Group 3, it was found 5 ? 0.97 in the prepatent period and 5 ? 1.03 for the patency period. All the fowls in groups 1 and 3 expressed on day 3 and 6 after inoculation (DAI), respectively, symptoms characterized by appetite and weight loss, drowsiness, greenish diarrhea, pale mucous membranes, ruffled feathers and hyperthermia. The symptoms remained until the 9th DAI, when the spirochetemia blood ceased, improving the health of fowls. Serum samples were collected from the experimental groups, with an ALT and AST activity, and measured, as well as the level of serum uric acid, creatinine, total cholesterol, total protein and glucose. ALT levels from group 1 increased only at 12 and 24 DPI in relation to its control group, while in group 3 these levels remained high until the 20 DAI. AST enzyme oscillated less in the experimental groups, although in group 1 it was increased at 12 DAI. Increased uric acid, and ALT of total proteins in infected fowls evolved with the clinical picture and remained even after spirochaetemia infection. Liver histopathology revealed the presence of mononuclear inflammatory infiltrates, fibrinoid necrosis foci, congestion, dilation of sinusoids, obstructions and vacuolization of hepatocytes. In the spleen, there was loss of lymphoid tissue and fibrinoid necrosis in the spinal region. It also showed the presence of congestion and inflammation in the kidneys, as well as inflammation and edema meninges. Spirochetes were seen in the tissue when stained with silver, marking their presence in vessels and hepatocytes. Avian borreliosis caused clinical changes coincided with spirochetemia fowls. The increased enzyme activity of ALT, uric acid and total protein, associated with anatomical and histopathological findings with the presence of spirochetes in tissues, confirm the liver damage and septicemia disease.