Alum?nio e inibidores de crescimento no manejo da poda e no desenvolvimento de esp?cies utilizadas na arboriza??o urbana.

• Ano de defesa: 2019
• Autor(a) principal: Machado, Alessandra de Lima
• Orientador(a): Jacob Neto, Jorge
• Banca de defesa: Jacob Neto, Jorge , Resende, Alexander Silva de , Baldani, Vera Lucia Divan , Salmi, Alexandre Porto , Goi, Silvia Regina
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Fitotecnia
• Departamento: Instituto de Agronomia
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Toxidez de alum?nio; 2,4-D + picloram; Brota??es; Aluminum toxicity; Epicormic shoots
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Agronomia; Engenharia agr?cola
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/5675

This work was carried out with the objective of developing pruning technique, associated or not to the use of growth inhibitors, that allows the reduction of the frequency of pruning in urban trees; to evaluate Al as an inhibitor of plant development and also to use this element to increase the efficiency of herbicides to reduce application rates. Four tree species of multiple uses were studied: Schinus terebinthifolia, Bauhinia sp., Inga sp. and Mimosa caesalpiniifolia. Seedlings of different genotypes of S. terebinthifolia were studied in a complete nutrient solution and with different doses of Al, aiming to identify morphological variables that indicate susceptibility or tolerance of the species to Al3+, and to estimate genetic parameters associated to the susceptibility or tolerance character. In order to evaluate the toxicity of a formulation composed of the mixture of AlCl3 with 2,4-D + picloram and the isolated action of AlCl3 applied on the shoot, a field experiment was carried out with herbaceous species grown spontaneously and two at greenhouse with Ageratum conyzoides and S. terebinthifolia. After testing the products, three pruning experiments were carried out with the species Bauhinia sp., Inga sp. and M. caesalpiniifolia, aiming to evaluate the ability of sprout and survival of according to the type of cut and the use of AlCl3, 2,4- D + picloram and the AlCl3 mixture with 2,4-D + picloram. It was also evaluated the residual effect in the soil, after the use of AlCl3 and 2,4-D + picloram applied in the aerial part of the Inga sp. plants. The results indicated that Al3+ caused a morphological alteration in the roots of the S. terebinthifolia genotypes. The variables root growth, root growth rate and relative root elongation were more appropriate to evaluate the toxic effects of Al in this species. AlCl3 increased the control efficiency of the herbicide applied in A. conyzoides plants and when applied in an isolated way in the aerial part inhibited the development of the plants. Only the close cut without application of chemicals was efficient to diminish the emergence of sprouts in Bauhinia sp., but not in M. caesalpiniifolia. The mixture of 60 mM AlCl3 with 2,4-D + picloram at 1% was efficient to inhibit the growth and development of Inga sp. sprouts without occurrence of residual effects in the soil. The solution of 2,4-D + picloram at 1% was sufficient to inhibit the growth and development of sprouts in M. caesalpiniifolia.