Din?mica do parasitismo e ciclo biol?gico de Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 parasitando Rhinella schneideri (Werner, 1894) no Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Luz, Hermes Ribeiro
• Orientador(a): Faccini, Jo?o Luiz Hor?cio
• Banca de defesa: Faccini, Jo?o Luiz Horacio, Famadas, K?tia Maria, Pinto, Erik Daemon de Souza, Lopes, Carlos Wilson Gomes, Prata, M?rcia Cristina de Azevedo
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Veterin?rias
• Departamento: Instituto de Veterin?ria
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: carrapatos; anuros; Amblyomma rotundatum; modelagem; temperatura
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: ticks; anurans; modeling; temperature
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Parasitologia
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/2935

With the aim to add data on the dynamics of parasitism by Amblyomma rotundatum in anurans in the Brazil, three studies were conducted. The first approached the parasitism by ticks in Rhinella schneideri toads collected in two areas of insular character (Ecological Station Pirapitinga and Island Boi) located in the Tr?s Marias Reservoir, Minas Gerais. That study aimed to identify the fauna of ticks and abiotic relations involved in the parasitism by these ectoparasites in R. schneideri. In the second experiment, two specimens of R. schneideri parasitized by four engorged females, identified as A. rotundatum, were brought to the laboratory ixodologia UFRRJ and from these it was sought to evaluate the biological parameters of ticks A. rotundatum as well, a distribution of records that ectoparasites in the Brazil. In the third, he was made a predictive model for the distribution of A. rotundatum in the state of Rio de Janeiro. In the first study, all ticks were identified as belonging to the species A. rotundatum. Were examined 120 specimens of R. schneideri where of these, 63 individuals (52.5%) were parasitized by A. rotundatum in the stages of larvae (n = 96), nymph (n = 163) and adult (n = 134). The engorged females, 62 of 134 (46.3%) were collected in the period from December to April which corresponds to the rainy season. The ESEC presented the highest indices of parasitized toads (n = 48) and prevalence (60%), differentiating of the same indices recorded for the Boi Island (37.5%) (p <0.0001). A possible synchronization of stages of larva, nymph and adults with dry and rainy seasons was observed. Larvae and nymphs were common between the months of June and August (dry season) and adults in the months from December to April (rainy season). During studies in the Ecological Station Pirapitinga two specimens of R. schneideri parasitized by two engorged females each specimen were collected. These hosts were brought into the laboratory ixodologia UFRRJ where was initiated the study of biological and behavioral parameters A. rotundatum. Periods of development of free-living stages were evaluated in an incubator at 27 ? 1 ? C _, [80% RH and scotophase]. The total life cycle it lasted 126-228 days. Adult ticks exhibited longest periods of pre-fixation, feeding and moulting. Oviposition it lasted about 20 days, with peaks occurring in the fourth and fifth day. Lesions caused by feeding of the tick are discussed and a list of hosts, including new host records for A. rotundatum. Were used predictive modeling tools for estimating areas with greater environmental suitability for the occurrence of A. rotundatum in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Were used Predictive modeling tools for estimating areas with greater environmental suitability for the occurrence of A. rotundatum in the state of Rio de Janeiro. O model was considered valid, according to the evaluation metrics of performance: AUC = 0.97; TSS = 0.7; specificity = 0.9; accuracy = 0.9. Although the present model TSS <0.75, the model was considered satisfactory due to the excellent results of the other metrics validation. The seasonality of temperature (45.7% contribution), elevation (22.4%) and seasonality of precipitation (15.9%) were the variables most important in determining the potential distribution of A. rotundatum.