Conserva??o da biodiversidade em parques p?blicos da Cidade do Rio de Janeiro: um estudo usando formigas (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Santos, Marcus Nascimento
• Orientador(a): Queiroz, Jarbas Mar?al de
• Banca de defesa: Campos, Ana Eug?nia de Carvalho, Monteiro, Ricardo Ferreira, Gazal e Silva, Vin?cius Siqueira, Fernandez, Alexandra Pires
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de P?s-Gradua??o em Ci?ncias Ambientais e Florestais
• Departamento: Instituto de Florestas
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Formicidae; formigas urbanas; ecologia urbana
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Formicidae; urban ants; urban ecology
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: Recursos Florestais e Engenharia Florestal
• Link de acesso: https://tede.ufrrj.br/jspui/handle/jspui/3320

The evaluation of the conservation potential of urban parks using ants can contribute as scientific basis for the development of conservation strategies of effective fauna and flora in these areas. With this approach, the results of this study were divided into three chapters with their respective objectives. Chapter 1 describes and categorizes some aspects of literature that addressed ants in urban areas between 1945 and 2012 in indexed journals, to better understand what has been studied and what is known, mapping well researched areas and major gaps. Chapter 2 presents an investigation of the ant community composition inhabiting public parks revegetated artificially isolated and not isolated forests inserted in the urban area of the city of Rio de Janeiro. In addition, it tried to raise the available information on the biology and ecology of the species of ants found. Chapter 3 investigates the contribution of different environmental variables for understanding the community structure of urban ants in the city of Rio de Janeiro, RJ. In Chapter 1, the results showed that studies of urban ants reflect an increased interest in the subject mainly urban ecology for 10 years, whether for management of invasive species and their impacts ants or directly or indirectly recommendations for the conservation of local wildlife. In Chapter 2, the community structure of epigean ants of the 15 sampled urban areas (5 Isolated parks, 5 parks not insulated and 5 areas of forests / control) using sardine baits consisted of a total of 121 ant species ( 117 native and 4 exotic) distributed in 40 genera and 7 subfamilies. The four species of exotic ants found in the samples were Monomorium floricola; Paratrechina longicornis; Pheidole megacephala and Tetramorium simillimum. The native species with occurrence in all 15 sampled parks was Camponotus Senex. Given the great diversity of species found in the sampled urban areas and the relative scarcity of information about them, this study suggests the need for greater efforts in research to look up basic information on the biology and ecology of species of ants found in the city of Rio de January. In Chapter 3, the results indicated that the isolated forests parks that have more compacted soils and less canopy cover percentage was prevalence of most species of omnivorous functional group ants. While the areas of forest soils and compressed under higher canopy coverage percentages prevalence was more species of ants functional groups with some sort of functional specialization. Parks not isolated forests have indicated environmental characteristics and patterns of community more like ants to the areas of forests. These features of the environment should be taken into account in order to maximize greater abundance of species of native ants. The results found in this study can be used as a basis for planning new parks within the urban area and the restructuring of existing parks