Utilização de um novo material mesoporoso funcionalizado PABA-MCM-41 na remoção de hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos (HPAs)

• Ano de defesa: 2013
• Autor(a) principal: Costa, José Arnaldo Santana
• Orientador(a): Romão, Luciane Pimenta Cruz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Química
• Palavras-chave em Português: Química inorgânica; Materiais mesoporosos; Química de superfícies; Adsorção; Hidrocarbonetos; PABA-MCM-41; HPAs; Hidrocarbonetos policíclicos aromáticos
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Adsorption; Inorganic chemistry; Hydrocarbons; Mesoporous materials; Surface chemistry
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/6098

This work describes the synthesis and characterization of the mesoporous material MCM-41 and a new functionalized mesoporous material, PABA-MCM-41, for use as adsorbents to remove the PAHs benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]F), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), and benzo[b]fluoranthene (B[b]F). Both materials were synthesized using hydrothermal methods. PABA-MCM-41 was synthesized using a hydrothermal/co-condensation technique, with functionalization employing modified 4-aminobenzoic acid. The mesoporous materials were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and thermogravimetric analysis (TG). Batch adsorption experiments were employed to determine the effects of initial adsorbate concentration, contact time, and temperature on the removal of the PAHs. The co-condensation method was shown to be effective for the synthesis of functionalized PABA-MCM-41. The two mesoporous materials presented the hexagonal mesostructures typical of the M41S family, which were confirmed by the SAXS analyses and by the type IV isotherms with type H1 hysteresis. The materials possessed uniform mesopore size distributions, high surface areas, and were thermally stable. Adsorption tests showed that for both materials, the quantity adsorbed (qe) increased as the initial PAHs concentration was increased, with adsorption equilibrium reached in around 90 minutes. For adsorption by MCM-41, the equilibrium qe values were 12.49, 14.06, and 18.06 ìg g-1 for B[k]F, B[a]P, and B[b]F, respectively, while the corresponding values for the same PAHs were 22.51, 27.24, and 26.58 ìg g-1 when PABA-MCM-41 was used. The experimental kinetic data were fitted using the pseudo-second order model, and the Langmuir isotherm model was able to describe the process of PAH adsorption. At higher temperatures, there were increases in the initial adsorption rate and the kinetic constant for adsorption of the PAHs by PABA-MCM-41. The thermodynamic parameters indicated that the processes are spontaneous, endothermic, and with a tendency towards disorder of the system at the adsorbent/adsorbate interface. Functionalization of MCM-41 increased the efficiency of adsorption of the PAHs by 44.5, 48.4, and 32.0% for B[k]F, B[a]P, and B[b]F, respectively.