Desenvolvimento de compósitos a base de gesso e pó de fibras de coco

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Silva, Michella Graziela Santos
• Orientador(a): Barreto, Ledjane Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Engenharia de Materiais
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Gesso; Pó de coco; Compósitos; Ecomateriais; Construção civil
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Gypsum; Plaster; Coconut; Composites; Eco-materials; Building
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA DE MATERIAIS E METALURGICA
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3503

The uses of renewable materials, as well as the reduction, reuse and recycling of the residues indicates the search for technological alternatives for sustainable development. In this context are the materials used in building. For the plaster is the building the largest market, because its use from the core products, and also from the first constructive step to the last stage of completion. Its use as plaster boards, precast flooring and ceilings and walls have increased significantly, it provides a reduction of process steps, resulting in cost savings and the amount of materials used. However, after application it has characteristics such as low mechanical efficiency in the presence of water, low capacity to absorb impact loads, the cracks and loss of adhesion at the interface based coating. This study aimed to use the fiber residual powder from the processing of the coconut fiber industry, as filler in the matrix of plaster in order to obtain better properties against its pathologies, besides contributing in the quest for sustainability in the development of alternative building materials. The composite were prepared using calcium sulfate P. A. as reference, commercial plaster and the fiber residual powder. The fiber residual powder composition varied between 1% and 20%, and the samples in powder form were characterized by X-ray Diffraction, thermal analysis (TGA / DTA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and infrared spectroscopy. Technological tests were conducted to verify the mechanical properties, for which they were made with composition of 1% and 5% of the powder using 65 mesh and 100 mesh particle size. The fracture surface was later analyzed by scanning electronic microscopy. The results of TGA / DTA indicate a tendency to increase in decomposition temperature and the temperature of dehydration of calcium sulfate dihydrate and gypsum in presence of coconut fiber. The crystal structures of calcium sulfate dehydrate and gypsum remain unchanged in the presence of coconut fiber. The morphological study together with the infrared analysis indicated interaction between the functional groups of coir dust and plaster, especially the interactions of the sulfate ion and water molecules. The best result of compressive strength was for composition with 1% loading and larger particle size. The results show better bending mechanical responses for sample with high filler concentration and particle size.