Estratégias adotadas para a resolução de problemas geométricos : o caso dos alunos dos anos finais do ensino fundamental da rede municipal de Aracaju

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Costa, Aline Alves
• Orientador(a): Santos, Ivanete Batista dos
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ensino de Ciências e Matemática
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Resolução de problemas; Problemas geométricos; Estratégias de resolução de problemas; Matemática; Estudo e ensino de matemática; Matemática (Ensino fundamental); Geometria; Problemas, questões, exercícios; Ensino fundamental; Aracaju (SE)
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Solving problems; Geometric problems; Strategies to solve geometric problems
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/5151

This paper presents the results of an investigation that aimed to analyze the strategies adopted by Aracajunian students of final year of elementary school to solving geometric problems. For this, we turn to problems taken from the books of |The Conquest Collection of Mathematics| authored by Giovanni Jr and Castrucci (2009) to develop an instrument that was initially applied to the students of 7th to 9th grades four municipal schools. After an examination of the responses submitted, a script was prepared to conduct semi-structured interviews with individuals who had different strategies through the first instrument collection. The theoretical assumptions were taken primarily from Polya (1978) for the understanding of mathematical problem geometric, their typology and possible resolution procedures. According to the examination of Polya (1978), a geometric problem characterized by ordering the contents geometry to solve it. The types of mathematical problems, according to the author can be classified from the utterance as routine, practical, and puzzle heuristic, and also for its solution are forms of determination and demonstration. Strategies to solve geometric problems highlighted in the book |The Art of Problem Solving| are using notation and formulas, as well as idealization or making figures. The results indicate that students have to geometrical problems responses, all three types by means of figures and then through arithmetic strategy. Records and algebraic strategies do not occur to students of Year 7, students are tentatively expressed by the following year and begin to gain prominence in the 9th grade classes. Students of years the different elementary school to solve routine problems similar to position geometry, in general, do not get the same success in the resolution, and the classes of 9th grade using guaranteed geometric strategy, while classes of Year 7, even if they have auxiliary notations demonstrate not feel secure about your solution, because their calculations up to justify their answers. Practical issues, applied to students in Year 7, related to the area have been resolved through the notion of perimeter, since the 8th grade students had good understanding of the concepts related to angles. In both cases there is a strong presence of geometric and arithmetic strategies. In short the figures are an important resource for these students develop their strategies with greater freedom of exposition, because through them, takes the stimulus to creativity and exercise for the establishment of solution plans.