Avaliação da sustentabilidade em agroecossistemas de milho em Simão Dias - SE

• Ano de defesa: 2016
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Maria José de Sá
• Orientador(a): Pedrotti, Alceu
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento e Meio Ambiente
• País: Brasil
• Palavras-chave em Português: Milho; Biotecnologia agrícola; Desenvolvimento sustentável; Indicadores de sustentabilidade; Simão Dias (SE); Monocultura; Produtividade; Zea mays; Método IDEA
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Monoculture; Productivity; Zea mays; IDEA method; Sustainability indicators
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: OUTROS
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4247

In the last decades agricultural production has shown a significant increase, primarily in the production of grains. This increase occurred mainly due to technological innovations in the field, provided greater food supply, however, this advancement of agricultural areas brings a lot of criticism when it comes to sustainability. The practice of monoculture plantations contributes disproportionately to the simplification of ecosystems. It damages the environment causing water, air and soil pollution due to intensive use of pesticides and fertilizers and it contributes to the loss of biodiversity. In the city of Simão Dias - SE, the monoculture of corn is the strongest kind of farming among the local farmers. The advancement of areas cultivated with maize occurred together with the insertion of technology in the field, as the example of genetically modified seeds and the use of machinery what has made the city the second largest corn producer in the state. The monoculture of corn represents the main source of income for farmers from the town; this monoculture has a high dependence of inputs such as pesticides, chemical fertilizers and machinery, in addition to the dependence on bank credit along with a reduced labor supply. In this context this research addressed the levels of sustainability in the agroecosystems of maize in Simão Dias. The aim of the research was guided in the analysis of the levels of territorial sustainability, economic and present environment in agroecosystems of corn. The methodology is based on bibliographic references, field survey and semi-structured interviews, analysis of soil and in the selection of indicators based on the method of Indicateurs de Durabilité de Exploitations Agricoles – IDEA. 20 families owning properties with similar cultivation characteristics were selected among them there were ten properties that have embraced the technology of transgenic seeds and ten properties that uses the conventional hybrid seed. As a result, the levels of sustainability of the agroecosystem of transgenic corn had better results in the productivity. The analysis of the levels of sustainability per sectors has demonstrated that the social territorial sector showed the best results for all the involved properties, the analysis of the economic axis has shown that money investments have increased productivity for farmers who planted transgenic corn, allowing these properties better levels of economical sustainability. When it came to the agricultural environment the levels of sustainability were unsatisfactory in terms of diversification, management of soils, use of pesticides and fertilizers in all properties. The properties that have used the conventional hybrid seed presented a critical point: a low or non-existent biodiversity preservation and lack of technical assistance. Their agricultural practices harm the sustainability of agroecosystems, especially in regard to environmental sustainability. evaluation of indicators of sustainability of agricultural holdings of agroecosystems of maize in the city of simão dias/se