Efeito da fitoterapia de baixa intensidade na proteção, recuperação e capacidade de exercício do músculo esquelético : revisão sistemática com metanálise

• Ano de defesa: 2015
• Autor(a) principal: Nampo, Fernando Kenji
• Orientador(a): Camargo, Enilton Aparecido
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Sergipe
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Terapia a laser de baixa intensidade; Fototerapia; Fadiga muscular; Exercício; Mialgia
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Low-level LASER therapy; Phototherapy; Muscle fatigue; Exercise; Muscle soreness
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE
• Link de acesso: https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/3599

BACKGROUND: Low-level phototherapy is advocated to increase energetic metabolism, muscle performance, protect skeletal muscle from injuries due to energetic imbalance and accelerate muscle recovery following exercise. Nevertheless, results from individual researches do not agree on its efficacy. OBJECTIVES: To determine the efficacy of low-level phototherapy (i.e. Light-Emitting Diode therapy [LEDtherapy] or Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation therapy [LASERtherapy]) on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle protection and recovery in people undergoing an exercise protocol. METHODS: We performed two systematic reviews with meta-analyses based on Cochrane Collaboration and PRISMA statement. Trials were collected from Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, SciELO, PEDro and LILACS up to May 2014 or February 2015. The references lists from selected manuscripts were screened for further references of interest. We included randomized controlled trials and crossover studies in which study participants were allocated to receive either low-level phototherapy or placebo treatment. Outcomes of interest were pain, creatine kinase activity, lactate concentration, lactate dehydrogenase activity, edema, range of movement, strength, number of repetitions, time to exhaustion, peak torque and muscle power. RESULTS: In the first review we identified 15 studies involving 317 participants and in the second review we identified 16 studies involving 297 participants. Compared to the placebo group, pre-exercise LASERtherapy improved the number of repetitions (mean difference [MD] = 3.52 repetitions; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.24 repetitions, 5.80 repetitions; P = 0.002), delayed the time to exhaustion (MD = 3.23 s; 95% CI = 0.24 s, 6.22 s; P = 0.03), reduced the lactate levels (MD = -0.41 mmol/L; 95% CI = -1.34 mmol/L, -0.17 mmol/L; P = 0.0007) and reduced the creatine kinase levels (standardized mean difference = -0.66; 95% CI = -1.30, -0.02; P = 0.04). Post-exercise LEDtherapy reduced pain measured by visual analogue scale (MD = -2.04 mm; 95% CI = -4.03 mm, -0.06 mm; P = 0.04). CONCLUSION: There is moderate evidence that low-level phototherapy improves exercise capacity. It is not clear if low-level phototherapy has beneficial effects on skeletal muscle injury and pain.