Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil
Ano de defesa: | 2022 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal
|
Departamento: |
Ciências Biológicas
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28831 |
Resumo: | The Atlantic Forest is a vast and heterogeneous forest biome, covering about 17% of Brazilian territory with only 12% of the original area remaining, resulting from an extremely fragmented landscape. Fragmentation can lead to population declines and isolation and thus cause chromosomal damage and affect genetic structure and variability. Among vertebrates, amphibians are the most threatened taxonomic group due to their physiological and biological characteristics such as skin permeability, low vagility, small body size, aquatic larval phase, among others. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the impact of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity and genomic instability in anurans populations in Atlantic Forest streams. The samplings were made in five fragments of different sizes, in three species (Crossodactylus schmidti, Boana curupi, and Vitreorana uranoscopa) restricted to stream environments in the Atlantic Forest biome. The initial hypothesis was that populations found in smaller forest fragments present larger genomic instability, accumulating more damage in the DNA of individuals, and a lower genetic variability, compared to populations in larger forest fragments. Our results show that even smaller fragments of up to 4.6 hectares can maintain specific amphibian habitat populations if present the necessary resources such as available water. Furthermore, populations in smaller fragments, even if they present more gnomic damage, in some cases possess considerable genetic diversity and can remain healthy with the preservation of the area. As for the larger fragments, such as Protected Units, in addition to maintaining a higher number of individuals due to the larger availability of resources, they also play an important role in the matrices where they are located, where they serve as the main spreaders of genetic variability to the other neighbor areas. |
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2023-04-26T18:06:07Z2023-04-26T18:06:07Z2022-09-21http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28831The Atlantic Forest is a vast and heterogeneous forest biome, covering about 17% of Brazilian territory with only 12% of the original area remaining, resulting from an extremely fragmented landscape. Fragmentation can lead to population declines and isolation and thus cause chromosomal damage and affect genetic structure and variability. Among vertebrates, amphibians are the most threatened taxonomic group due to their physiological and biological characteristics such as skin permeability, low vagility, small body size, aquatic larval phase, among others. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the impact of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity and genomic instability in anurans populations in Atlantic Forest streams. The samplings were made in five fragments of different sizes, in three species (Crossodactylus schmidti, Boana curupi, and Vitreorana uranoscopa) restricted to stream environments in the Atlantic Forest biome. The initial hypothesis was that populations found in smaller forest fragments present larger genomic instability, accumulating more damage in the DNA of individuals, and a lower genetic variability, compared to populations in larger forest fragments. Our results show that even smaller fragments of up to 4.6 hectares can maintain specific amphibian habitat populations if present the necessary resources such as available water. Furthermore, populations in smaller fragments, even if they present more gnomic damage, in some cases possess considerable genetic diversity and can remain healthy with the preservation of the area. As for the larger fragments, such as Protected Units, in addition to maintaining a higher number of individuals due to the larger availability of resources, they also play an important role in the matrices where they are located, where they serve as the main spreaders of genetic variability to the other neighbor areas.A Mata Atlântica, é um vasto e heterogêneo bioma florestal, compreendendo cerca de 17% do território brasileiro, com apenas 12% de área original remanescente, resultante de uma paisagem extremamente fragmentada. A fragmentação pode ocasionar declínios e isolamentos populacionais e, com isso, causar danos cromossômicos e afetar a estrutura e a variabilidade genética das espécies e populações. Dentre os vertebrados, os anfíbios são o grupo taxonômico mais ameaçado, devido suas características fisiológicas e biológicas como permeabilidade da pele, baixa vagilidade, pequeno tamanho corpóreo, fase larval aquática, entre outros. Neste sentido, este trabalho tem o objetivo de avaliar o impacto da fragmentação de habitat na diversidade genética e instabilidade genômica em populações de anuros de riachos na Mata Atlântica. As coletas foram realizadas em cinco fragmentos de diferentes tamanhos, em três espécies (Crossodactylus schmidti, Vitreorana uranoscopa e Boana curupi) restritas a ambientes de riachos do bioma Mata Atlântica. A hipótese inicial era que as populações encontradas em fragmentos com menor tamanho possuem uma maior instabilidade genômica, acumulando mais danos no DNA dos indivíduos, e menor variabilidade, comparadas as populações dos fragmentos florestais maiores. Os nossos resultados demonstraram que mesmo fragmentos menores, de até 4,6 hectares, podem manter populações de anfíbios específicas de habitat, se possuírem os recursos necessários, como meio hídrico disponível. Além disso, populações em fragmentos menores, mesmo apresentando mais danos genômicos, em alguns casos, possuem diversidade genética considerável e podem se manter saudáveis com a preservação da área. Quanto aos fragmentos maiores, como Unidades de Conservação, além de manterem um maior número de indivíduos, devido a maior disponibilidade de recursos, também realizam um papel importante nas matrizes que estão inseridas, onde servem como os principais dispersores da variabilidade genética para as demais áreas vizinhas.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPESporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade AnimalUFSMBrasilCiências BiológicasAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessAnfíbios de riachoDiversidade genéticaInstabilidade genômicaUnidades de conservaçãoPequenos fragmentosStream amphibiansGenetic diversityGenomic instabilityProtected unitsSmall fragmentsCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICASInfluência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisSchuch, André Passagliahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4932611269622766Robe, Lizandra JaquelineSegatto, Ana LúciaIop, SamantaMachado, IbereManoela AlbertonGetelina, Manoela Alberton200000000006600600600600600600600d93539a4-7b55-44e5-9c20-52601682b4f7d44cb880-909d-4907-b657-589f7f14af66aab46c2f-2c8f-49e9-bec1-c15c56b24c55b0ede391-79a3-446d-9831-253c51b059bae5122e11-a141-43de-abea-731fc81181e416cb4cdc-49a3-4be2-8475-545cde118279reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALTES_PPGBA_2022_GETELINA_MANOELA.pdfTES_PPGBA_2022_GETELINA_MANOELA.pdfTese de doutoradoapplication/pdf3405743http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/28831/1/TES_PPGBA_2022_GETELINA_MANOELA.pdf0af7473289e6f5db8f03338e1a3648bdMD51LICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
title |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
spellingShingle |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil Getelina, Manoela Alberton Anfíbios de riacho Diversidade genética Instabilidade genômica Unidades de conservação Pequenos fragmentos Stream amphibians Genetic diversity Genomic instability Protected units Small fragments CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS |
title_short |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
title_full |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
title_fullStr |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
title_full_unstemmed |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
title_sort |
Influência da fragmentação de habitats no fluxo gênico e estrutura cromossômica de espécies de anuros do bioma Mata Atlântica no sul do Brasil |
author |
Getelina, Manoela Alberton |
author_facet |
Getelina, Manoela Alberton |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Schuch, André Passaglia |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4932611269622766 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Robe, Lizandra Jaqueline |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Segatto, Ana Lúcia |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Iop, Samanta |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Machado, Ibere |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
Manoela Alberton |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Getelina, Manoela Alberton |
contributor_str_mv |
Schuch, André Passaglia Robe, Lizandra Jaqueline Segatto, Ana Lúcia Iop, Samanta Machado, Ibere |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Anfíbios de riacho Diversidade genética Instabilidade genômica Unidades de conservação Pequenos fragmentos |
topic |
Anfíbios de riacho Diversidade genética Instabilidade genômica Unidades de conservação Pequenos fragmentos Stream amphibians Genetic diversity Genomic instability Protected units Small fragments CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Stream amphibians Genetic diversity Genomic instability Protected units Small fragments |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS |
description |
The Atlantic Forest is a vast and heterogeneous forest biome, covering about 17% of Brazilian territory with only 12% of the original area remaining, resulting from an extremely fragmented landscape. Fragmentation can lead to population declines and isolation and thus cause chromosomal damage and affect genetic structure and variability. Among vertebrates, amphibians are the most threatened taxonomic group due to their physiological and biological characteristics such as skin permeability, low vagility, small body size, aquatic larval phase, among others. In this sense, this work aims to evaluate the impact of habitat fragmentation on genetic diversity and genomic instability in anurans populations in Atlantic Forest streams. The samplings were made in five fragments of different sizes, in three species (Crossodactylus schmidti, Boana curupi, and Vitreorana uranoscopa) restricted to stream environments in the Atlantic Forest biome. The initial hypothesis was that populations found in smaller forest fragments present larger genomic instability, accumulating more damage in the DNA of individuals, and a lower genetic variability, compared to populations in larger forest fragments. Our results show that even smaller fragments of up to 4.6 hectares can maintain specific amphibian habitat populations if present the necessary resources such as available water. Furthermore, populations in smaller fragments, even if they present more gnomic damage, in some cases possess considerable genetic diversity and can remain healthy with the preservation of the area. As for the larger fragments, such as Protected Units, in addition to maintaining a higher number of individuals due to the larger availability of resources, they also play an important role in the matrices where they are located, where they serve as the main spreaders of genetic variability to the other neighbor areas. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-09-21 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-26T18:06:07Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2023-04-26T18:06:07Z |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28831 |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/28831 |
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por |
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por |
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200000000006 |
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600 600 600 600 600 600 600 |
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dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade Animal |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
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Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Ciências Biológicas |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
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