Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química
Ano de defesa: | 2022 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
|
Departamento: |
Química
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25866 |
Resumo: | In this work the experimental conditions of the ASTM D4807 standard which could influence the amount of solids retained on the surface of the nylon membrane were evaluated. Modifications to the ASTM D4807 standard, such as the vacuum level (-40 to 80 KPa), temperature (70, 80 and 90 °C), application of magnetic stirring and solubilization with different mixtures of solvents used during the filtration procedure were tested. Mixture of solvents with toluene, ethanol, isopropanol, xylene, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and 2-butanol were evaluated for the crude oil analysis using the ASTM D4807. Scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) with a secondary electron detector (SE) and compositional analysis using an energy dispersive X-ray detector were used to evaluate the morphology of saline species crystals. Furthermore, the solubilization of the solids retained in the nylon membrane in water was performed for the determination of Ca and Na by ICP OES and Cl- and SO4 2- by ion chromatography. Membranes with porosities of 0.22 and 0.11 μm were evaluated for all solvent mixtures. Sample A presented the highest sediment content (1.33%) and high water content (5.55%) and was used for all assessments of the ASTM D4807. From the changes in the ASTM D4807 standard, it was possible to observe that there was no influence of temperature, agitation and vacuum level on the amount of solids retained on the membrane. The use of mixtures containing the alcohols produced a significant influence on the amount and shape of solids retained on the membrane surface compared to ASTM D4807 using toluene. All alcohols evaluated promoted a significant reduction in the amount of solids retained on the membrane surface. The greatest reduction in the amount of solids retained in the 0.45 μm nylon membrane was observed for the ethanol+toluene mixture (30%+70%). The alcohols also modified the morphology and size of the crystals retained on the membrane surface, with the predominance of cubes formed by Na, Cl and Ca. The use of membranes of 0.22 and 0.11 μm showed that some solvent mixtures promoted the crystallization of solids with a size smaller than 0.45 μm that were not retained on the membrane surface recommended by ASTM D4807. The elemental analysis of the solids retained on the surface of the membranes showed a selective solubilization of some salts, with emphasis on a greater solubilization of Ca salts in relation to salts containing Na. |
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2022-08-11T14:02:53Z2022-08-11T14:02:53Z2022-04-08http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25866In this work the experimental conditions of the ASTM D4807 standard which could influence the amount of solids retained on the surface of the nylon membrane were evaluated. Modifications to the ASTM D4807 standard, such as the vacuum level (-40 to 80 KPa), temperature (70, 80 and 90 °C), application of magnetic stirring and solubilization with different mixtures of solvents used during the filtration procedure were tested. Mixture of solvents with toluene, ethanol, isopropanol, xylene, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and 2-butanol were evaluated for the crude oil analysis using the ASTM D4807. Scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) with a secondary electron detector (SE) and compositional analysis using an energy dispersive X-ray detector were used to evaluate the morphology of saline species crystals. Furthermore, the solubilization of the solids retained in the nylon membrane in water was performed for the determination of Ca and Na by ICP OES and Cl- and SO4 2- by ion chromatography. Membranes with porosities of 0.22 and 0.11 μm were evaluated for all solvent mixtures. Sample A presented the highest sediment content (1.33%) and high water content (5.55%) and was used for all assessments of the ASTM D4807. From the changes in the ASTM D4807 standard, it was possible to observe that there was no influence of temperature, agitation and vacuum level on the amount of solids retained on the membrane. The use of mixtures containing the alcohols produced a significant influence on the amount and shape of solids retained on the membrane surface compared to ASTM D4807 using toluene. All alcohols evaluated promoted a significant reduction in the amount of solids retained on the membrane surface. The greatest reduction in the amount of solids retained in the 0.45 μm nylon membrane was observed for the ethanol+toluene mixture (30%+70%). The alcohols also modified the morphology and size of the crystals retained on the membrane surface, with the predominance of cubes formed by Na, Cl and Ca. The use of membranes of 0.22 and 0.11 μm showed that some solvent mixtures promoted the crystallization of solids with a size smaller than 0.45 μm that were not retained on the membrane surface recommended by ASTM D4807. The elemental analysis of the solids retained on the surface of the membranes showed a selective solubilization of some salts, with emphasis on a greater solubilization of Ca salts in relation to salts containing Na.Neste trabalho foram avaliados os parâmetros da norma ASTM D4807, que poderiam influenciar na quantidade de sólidos retidos na superfície da membrana de nylon. Foram avaliadas modificações na norma ASTM D4807, tais como, alteração do nível de vácuo (-40 a -80 kPa), temperatura (70, 80 e 90 °C), aplicação de agitação magnética e solubilização com diferentes misturas de solventes utilizados durante o procedimento de filtração. Foram avaliados diferentes solventes, tais como, tolueno, isopropanol, xileno, 1- propanol, 1-butanol e 2-butanol. A morfologia das espécies salinas foi avaliada através da microscopia eletrônica de varredura (MEV) com detector de elétrons secundários (SE) e a analise composicional utilizando o detector de energia dispersiva de raios-X (EDS). Ademais, foi realizada a solubilização dos sólidos retidos na membrana de nylon em água para a determinação de Ca e Na por ICP OES e Cl- e SO4 2- por cromatografia de íons. Diferentes porosidades de membrana também foram avaliadas (0,22 e 0,11 μm) para todas as misturas de solventes. Posteriormente, tais condições foram aplicadas para 3 amostras de petróleo. A amostra A foi utilizada para todas as avaliações da norma ASTM D4807, em virtude de apresentar o maior teor de sedimentos (1,33%) e um elevado teor de água (5,55%). A partir das modificações na norma ASTM D4807, foi possível observar que não houve influência de temperatura, uso de agitação magnética e nível de vácuo na quantidade de sólidos retidos na membrana. O uso de misturas contendo os álcoois exerceu influência significativa na quantidade e formato dos sólidos retidos na superfície da membrana em comparação a ASTM D4807 usando somente tolueno. Todos os álcoois avaliados promoveram a redução significativa da quantidade de sólidos retidos na superfície da membrana. A maior redução na quantidade sólidos retidos na membrana de nylon de 0,45 μm foi observada para a mistura etanol+tolueno (30%+70%). Os álcoois também modificaram a morfologia e tamanho dos cristais retidos na superfície da membrana, com a predominância de cubos formados por Na, Cl e Ca. A utilização das membranas com diferentes porosidades mostrou que algumas misturas de solventes promoveram a cristalização de sólidos com tamanho inferior a 0,45 μm que não ficaram retidos na superfície da membrana recomendada pela norma ASTM D4807. A análise elementar dos sólidos retidos na superfície das membranas mostrou uma solubilização seletiva de alguns sais, com destaque para uma maior solubilização dos saís de Ca em relação aos sais contendo Na.porUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências Naturais e ExatasPrograma de Pós-Graduação em QuímicaUFSMBrasilQuímicaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessPetróleoASTM D4807Espécies salinasSolventesSolubilização e microscopia eletrônica de varreduraCrude oilSaline speciesSolventsSolubilization and scanning electron microscopyCNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICAAvaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização químicaEvaluation of extraction, crystallization and separation conditions for salts and sediments from the pre-salt oil and subsequent chemical characterizationinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisMüller, Edson Irineuhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5994311290376153Dressler, Valderi LuizRodrigues, Luiz FredericoMortari, Sergio RobertoDuarte, Fábio AndreiBolzan, Rodrigo Cordeirohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/9982376508192805Anschau, Kéllen Francine1006000000006006006006006006006006004e7df89a-0ba0-4c75-958f-19ced0bb95c32e97c036-ae76-4151-969c-ff105e80e7b8f8f9d08d-4108-471b-ad4b-a0c39159183a3989f67e-ae54-4740-88e3-bd1e6a4b2d883c621a6d-38be-4e61-b644-40b0cc92afcbf60c61ec-2b88-485f-8d1e-83d62038970d0ef936da-d1b2-40bd-8da8-0ca4bfad89d3reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Evaluation of extraction, crystallization and separation conditions for salts and sediments from the pre-salt oil and subsequent chemical characterization |
title |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
spellingShingle |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química Anschau, Kéllen Francine Petróleo ASTM D4807 Espécies salinas Solventes Solubilização e microscopia eletrônica de varredura Crude oil Saline species Solvents Solubilization and scanning electron microscopy CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
title_short |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
title_full |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
title_fullStr |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
title_full_unstemmed |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
title_sort |
Avaliação das condições de extração, cristalização e separação de sais e sedimentos de petróleo do pré-sal e posterior caracterização química |
author |
Anschau, Kéllen Francine |
author_facet |
Anschau, Kéllen Francine |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Müller, Edson Irineu |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5994311290376153 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Dressler, Valderi Luiz |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Rodrigues, Luiz Frederico |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Mortari, Sergio Roberto |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Duarte, Fábio Andrei |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Bolzan, Rodrigo Cordeiro |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/9982376508192805 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Anschau, Kéllen Francine |
contributor_str_mv |
Müller, Edson Irineu Dressler, Valderi Luiz Rodrigues, Luiz Frederico Mortari, Sergio Roberto Duarte, Fábio Andrei Bolzan, Rodrigo Cordeiro |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Petróleo ASTM D4807 Espécies salinas Solventes Solubilização e microscopia eletrônica de varredura |
topic |
Petróleo ASTM D4807 Espécies salinas Solventes Solubilização e microscopia eletrônica de varredura Crude oil Saline species Solvents Solubilization and scanning electron microscopy CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Crude oil Saline species Solvents Solubilization and scanning electron microscopy |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA |
description |
In this work the experimental conditions of the ASTM D4807 standard which could influence the amount of solids retained on the surface of the nylon membrane were evaluated. Modifications to the ASTM D4807 standard, such as the vacuum level (-40 to 80 KPa), temperature (70, 80 and 90 °C), application of magnetic stirring and solubilization with different mixtures of solvents used during the filtration procedure were tested. Mixture of solvents with toluene, ethanol, isopropanol, xylene, 1-propanol, 1-butanol and 2-butanol were evaluated for the crude oil analysis using the ASTM D4807. Scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) with a secondary electron detector (SE) and compositional analysis using an energy dispersive X-ray detector were used to evaluate the morphology of saline species crystals. Furthermore, the solubilization of the solids retained in the nylon membrane in water was performed for the determination of Ca and Na by ICP OES and Cl- and SO4 2- by ion chromatography. Membranes with porosities of 0.22 and 0.11 μm were evaluated for all solvent mixtures. Sample A presented the highest sediment content (1.33%) and high water content (5.55%) and was used for all assessments of the ASTM D4807. From the changes in the ASTM D4807 standard, it was possible to observe that there was no influence of temperature, agitation and vacuum level on the amount of solids retained on the membrane. The use of mixtures containing the alcohols produced a significant influence on the amount and shape of solids retained on the membrane surface compared to ASTM D4807 using toluene. All alcohols evaluated promoted a significant reduction in the amount of solids retained on the membrane surface. The greatest reduction in the amount of solids retained in the 0.45 μm nylon membrane was observed for the ethanol+toluene mixture (30%+70%). The alcohols also modified the morphology and size of the crystals retained on the membrane surface, with the predominance of cubes formed by Na, Cl and Ca. The use of membranes of 0.22 and 0.11 μm showed that some solvent mixtures promoted the crystallization of solids with a size smaller than 0.45 μm that were not retained on the membrane surface recommended by ASTM D4807. The elemental analysis of the solids retained on the surface of the membranes showed a selective solubilization of some salts, with emphasis on a greater solubilization of Ca salts in relation to salts containing Na. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-08-11T14:02:53Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2022-08-11T14:02:53Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-04-08 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25866 |
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http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/25866 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
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por |
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100600000000 |
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600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 |
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Química |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências Naturais e Exatas |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
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