Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul
Ano de defesa: | 2008 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
|
Departamento: |
Agronomia
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5477 |
Resumo: | Agriculture is directly linked to atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) through basic processes that occur in the soil-plant system. Agricultural soils can act as a source or sink of GHG depending on the management practices adopted. The objective of this research was to evaluate the GHG flux in different soil management systems. This project was constituted by two studies, conducted in long-term (22 years) experiment in a Rhodic Hapludox located in FUNDACEP research center, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil. A study was conducted during 2006-2007 to evaluate the C-CO2 flux in a no-till soybean cropping system. Data were collected by an automatic meteorological station mounted in micrometeorological tower two meters above the ground. Turbulent variables were measured by a three-dimensional sonic anemometer Campbell-3D (wind and temperature components) and by an infrared gas analyzer Licor 7500 (H2O e CO2). Eddy covariance method was employed to measure the C-CO2 exchange that resulted of the interaction between atmosphere and the soybean cropping system. Soil temperature was measured using two sensors (thermopar) installed in the soil and for moisture measurement were used two sensors ECH2O. Results confirmed the high photosynthetic activity during daylight, with high values of C-CO2 influx. Low values of total C-CO2 influx were verified, with the culture responding to environmental conditions and to phenologic stage. Soybean cropping system liquid C-CO2 balance was estimated in -7,1 g C m-2. This result suggests a low soybean potential in increasing soil organic matter, even under no-till system. A second study was conducted during winter soil tillage operations (May 2007), using the closed camera method, to evaluate N2O, CH4 and CO2 flux in different soil management systems (conventional tillage, no-till system with soybean and maize residues). The analysis was made through gaseous chromatography. GHG emissions were affected by cropping system and were not affected by soil tillage. Highest N2O emissions occurred in the no-till system with soybean residues. The no-till system with maize residues had similar N2O emissions to conventional tillage system, this result was explained due to low nitrate soil content. The three systems evaluated acted as a CH4 sink. CO2 emissions were higher in the no-till system. |
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2017-03-302017-03-302008-03-04ESCOBAR, Luisa Fernanda. Short-term greenhouse gases emissions in soil management systems in oxisol of southern Brazil. 2008. 104 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5477Agriculture is directly linked to atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) through basic processes that occur in the soil-plant system. Agricultural soils can act as a source or sink of GHG depending on the management practices adopted. The objective of this research was to evaluate the GHG flux in different soil management systems. This project was constituted by two studies, conducted in long-term (22 years) experiment in a Rhodic Hapludox located in FUNDACEP research center, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil. A study was conducted during 2006-2007 to evaluate the C-CO2 flux in a no-till soybean cropping system. Data were collected by an automatic meteorological station mounted in micrometeorological tower two meters above the ground. Turbulent variables were measured by a three-dimensional sonic anemometer Campbell-3D (wind and temperature components) and by an infrared gas analyzer Licor 7500 (H2O e CO2). Eddy covariance method was employed to measure the C-CO2 exchange that resulted of the interaction between atmosphere and the soybean cropping system. Soil temperature was measured using two sensors (thermopar) installed in the soil and for moisture measurement were used two sensors ECH2O. Results confirmed the high photosynthetic activity during daylight, with high values of C-CO2 influx. Low values of total C-CO2 influx were verified, with the culture responding to environmental conditions and to phenologic stage. Soybean cropping system liquid C-CO2 balance was estimated in -7,1 g C m-2. This result suggests a low soybean potential in increasing soil organic matter, even under no-till system. A second study was conducted during winter soil tillage operations (May 2007), using the closed camera method, to evaluate N2O, CH4 and CO2 flux in different soil management systems (conventional tillage, no-till system with soybean and maize residues). The analysis was made through gaseous chromatography. GHG emissions were affected by cropping system and were not affected by soil tillage. Highest N2O emissions occurred in the no-till system with soybean residues. The no-till system with maize residues had similar N2O emissions to conventional tillage system, this result was explained due to low nitrate soil content. The three systems evaluated acted as a CH4 sink. CO2 emissions were higher in the no-till system.A agricultura está diretamente relacionada à concentração atmosférica de gases de efeito estufa (GEE) através dos processos básicos que ocorrem no sistema solo-planta. Os solos agrícolas podem atuar como fonte ou dreno destes gases dependendo das práticas de manejo utilizadas. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o fluxo de GEE em diferentes sistemas de manejo de solo. O projeto foi constituído de dois estudos, desenvolvidos em experimento de longa duração (22 anos) sob Latossolo Vermelho distrófico típico situado na Fundação Centro de Experimentação e Pesquisa Fecotrigo (FUNDACEP), Cruz Alta, RS. Com o objetivo de avaliar o fluxo de C-CO2 no sistema solo-soja sob plantio direto (PD), desenvolveu-se um estudo durante a safra agrícola de 2006/2007. Os dados foram coletados por uma estação meteorológica automática montada em torre micrometeorológica de dois metros de altura. Variáveis turbulentas foram medidas por um anemômetro sônico tridimensional Campbell-3D (componentes de vento e temperatura) e por um analisador de gás infravermelho Licor 7500 (H2O e CO2). O método da covariância dos vórtices ( eddy covariance ) foi utilizado para medir o fluxo de C-CO2 que é resultante da interação entre a atmosfera e a cultura de soja. A temperatura do solo foi avaliada utilizando-se dois sensores de temperatura (termopares) inseridos no interior do solo e para a medição da umidade do solo foram utilizados dois sensores ECH2O (Decagon Devices, Inc, USA). Os resultados confirmaram a elevada atividade fotossintética durante o período diurno, com elevados valores de influxo de C-CO2. Foram verificados baixos valores de influxo de C-CO2 total, com a cultura respondendo às condições ambientais e ao estádio fenológico. O balanço de C líquido da cultura da soja indicou baixo potencial em proporcionar incrementos nos teores de matéria orgânica do solo mesmo sob PD. Com o objetivo de avaliar o fluxo de N2O, CH4 e CO2 em diferentes sistemas de manejo de solo (preparo convencional, plantio direto com resíduos de soja e milho) desenvolveu-se um estudo durante os preparos de inverno (maio de 2007) usando o método da câmara fechada. A análise foi realizada por cromatografia gasosa (cromatógrafo Shimadzu GC 2014). As emissões de GEE foram pouco influenciadas pelo preparo do solo no período outono-inverno. As maiores emissões de N2O ocorreram no PD quando na presença de resíduos de soja. Os três sistemas avaliados atuaram como dreno de CH4. As emissões de CO2 foram maiores sob PD do que sob PC.application/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBRAgronomiaGases de efeito estufaManejo do soloCovariância dos vórticesSojaGreenhouse gasesSoil managementEddy covarianceSoybeanCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIAEmissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do SulShort-term greenhouse gases emissions in soil management systems in oxisol of southern Brazilinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisAmado, Telmo Jorge Carneirohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/8591926237097756Bayer, Ciméliohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5954461350700731Moraes, Osvaldo Luiz Leal dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0593135962205202http://lattes.cnpq.br/2439282147579317Escobar, Luisa Fernanda5001000000094005003005003008744c75f-e323-495a-80de-7684a957d85e672db1f6-3993-425b-9c3e-63b60b16b2527a3b6385-8038-4245-8924-c3e290bf27894fd16b74-d9d6-4827-b6a1-5ab51a3ecd13info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALLUISAESCOBAR.pdfapplication/pdf1190988http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5477/1/LUISAESCOBAR.pdf66ee04ddf8b50e970776ca759fa179a6MD51TEXTLUISAESCOBAR.pdf.txtLUISAESCOBAR.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain188357http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5477/2/LUISAESCOBAR.pdf.txt0261945d289e18b69a3924cdc3f9ef16MD52THUMBNAILLUISAESCOBAR.pdf.jpgLUISAESCOBAR.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4950http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5477/3/LUISAESCOBAR.pdf.jpg69b728fbbe32bc623111955c765b2761MD531/54772021-09-27 10:34:46.279oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/5477Repositório Institucionalhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/PUBhttp://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestopendoar:39132021-09-27T13:34:46Manancial - Repositório Digital da UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Short-term greenhouse gases emissions in soil management systems in oxisol of southern Brazil |
title |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
spellingShingle |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul Escobar, Luisa Fernanda Gases de efeito estufa Manejo do solo Covariância dos vórtices Soja Greenhouse gases Soil management Eddy covariance Soybean CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
title_short |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
title_full |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
title_fullStr |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
title_sort |
Emissão de gases de efeito estufa em sistemas de manejo em solo do planalto médio do Rio Grande do Sul |
author |
Escobar, Luisa Fernanda |
author_facet |
Escobar, Luisa Fernanda |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Amado, Telmo Jorge Carneiro |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8591926237097756 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Bayer, Cimélio |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5954461350700731 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Moraes, Osvaldo Luiz Leal de |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0593135962205202 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2439282147579317 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Escobar, Luisa Fernanda |
contributor_str_mv |
Amado, Telmo Jorge Carneiro Bayer, Cimélio Moraes, Osvaldo Luiz Leal de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Gases de efeito estufa Manejo do solo Covariância dos vórtices Soja |
topic |
Gases de efeito estufa Manejo do solo Covariância dos vórtices Soja Greenhouse gases Soil management Eddy covariance Soybean CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Greenhouse gases Soil management Eddy covariance Soybean |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA |
description |
Agriculture is directly linked to atmospheric concentration of greenhouse gases (GHG) through basic processes that occur in the soil-plant system. Agricultural soils can act as a source or sink of GHG depending on the management practices adopted. The objective of this research was to evaluate the GHG flux in different soil management systems. This project was constituted by two studies, conducted in long-term (22 years) experiment in a Rhodic Hapludox located in FUNDACEP research center, Cruz Alta, RS, Brazil. A study was conducted during 2006-2007 to evaluate the C-CO2 flux in a no-till soybean cropping system. Data were collected by an automatic meteorological station mounted in micrometeorological tower two meters above the ground. Turbulent variables were measured by a three-dimensional sonic anemometer Campbell-3D (wind and temperature components) and by an infrared gas analyzer Licor 7500 (H2O e CO2). Eddy covariance method was employed to measure the C-CO2 exchange that resulted of the interaction between atmosphere and the soybean cropping system. Soil temperature was measured using two sensors (thermopar) installed in the soil and for moisture measurement were used two sensors ECH2O. Results confirmed the high photosynthetic activity during daylight, with high values of C-CO2 influx. Low values of total C-CO2 influx were verified, with the culture responding to environmental conditions and to phenologic stage. Soybean cropping system liquid C-CO2 balance was estimated in -7,1 g C m-2. This result suggests a low soybean potential in increasing soil organic matter, even under no-till system. A second study was conducted during winter soil tillage operations (May 2007), using the closed camera method, to evaluate N2O, CH4 and CO2 flux in different soil management systems (conventional tillage, no-till system with soybean and maize residues). The analysis was made through gaseous chromatography. GHG emissions were affected by cropping system and were not affected by soil tillage. Highest N2O emissions occurred in the no-till system with soybean residues. The no-till system with maize residues had similar N2O emissions to conventional tillage system, this result was explained due to low nitrate soil content. The three systems evaluated acted as a CH4 sink. CO2 emissions were higher in the no-till system. |
publishDate |
2008 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2008-03-04 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-30 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-03-30 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
ESCOBAR, Luisa Fernanda. Short-term greenhouse gases emissions in soil management systems in oxisol of southern Brazil. 2008. 104 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5477 |
identifier_str_mv |
ESCOBAR, Luisa Fernanda. Short-term greenhouse gases emissions in soil management systems in oxisol of southern Brazil. 2008. 104 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2008. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5477 |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria |
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UFSM |
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Agronomia |
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