Conversão pirolítica de bagaço residual da indústria de suco de laranja e caracterização química dos produtos

• Ano de defesa: 2009
• Autor(a) principal: Martini, Paulo Roberto Rodrigues
• Orientador(a): Martins, Ayrton Figueiredo
• Banca de defesa: Villetti, Marcos Antonio , Piazza, José Luiz
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química
• Departamento: Química
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Agroindústrias; Celulose; Indústria alimentícia; Bagaço de laranja
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS EXATAS E DA TERRA::QUIMICA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/10457

The management of bagasse, orange pelleted, waste residual biomass of the food s industry, as substrate of pyrolytic conversion, will meet the global trend of turning waste into value-added products, and energy inputs, replacing the derivatives of fossil fuels. This dissertation work is focused on the process of thermal conversion of orange pelleted bagasse as an alternative to recovery and recycling of solid waste industry's orange juice. The orange pelleted bagasse was subjected to drying, milling and size classification and subsequent characterization using TGA, proximate analysis and ultimate analysis. It was also the pectin content of the bagasse. The pyrolytic conversion carried out in borosilicate glass reactor in bench scale and in fixed bed, the low temperature (450 °C) under inert atmosphere (N2). The heating was done with the help of electric oven bipartite, connected to a temperature controller. There were four fractions by batch: a gas (F1), two liquids, aqueous (F2) and bio-oil (F3) and a solid (F4). The liquid and the solid residue of pyrolysis of orange pelleted bagasse were subjected to various tests for characterization and identification system. The aqueous fraction was analyzed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GCMS) spectroscopy and ultraviolet / visible (UV / Vis) in alcoholic solution. The bio-oil was characterized by ultimate analysis, solubility tests, spectroscopy with the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet / visible (UV / Vis) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The gross calorific value and content of ortho-meta substituted phenols were determined. The solid residue (charcoal) was submitted to elemental analysis, proximate analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET test, spectroscopy with the Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and with the characterization of adsorption tests, numbers of iodine, methylene blue and fenazona and higher heating value. The biomass of orange pelleted bagasse proved to be possible source of pectin, a product with considerable economic potential. The liquid fraction of pyrolysis, aqueous and bio-oil, shown to be future source of raw material and chemical inputs. Charcoal, without prior activation, showed potential for use as adsorbent and industrial solid fuel clean. The process of pyrolysis in fixed bed showed therefore be able to produce at least two fractions of industrial interest: the bio, possible source of raw chemicalpetrochemical, and coal, proposed for industrial use as adsorbent and solid fuel. The pyrolysis gas, moreover, can be used directly as fuel gas for medium calorific.