Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto
Ano de defesa: | 2005 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do Solo
|
Departamento: |
Agronomia
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5465 |
Resumo: | The use of pig manure, especially of the deep-bedding manure, is not so often in the winter cover crops, preceding the summer commercial plantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soil and the black oat production with the use of pig slurry and deep-bedding manure. Emphasis has been given to the losses of N for ammonia volatilization, to the variation in the amounts of mineral N, to the decomposition of the organic materials and the oat N accumulation. Three experiments were conducted in field conditions in a typic Hapludalf soil, at the experimental area of the Soil Science Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, from May to October of 2003. In the first experiment, the ammonia volatilization was evaluated after the application of the pig slurry and deep-bedding manure on the crop residues of corn, in the following treatments: T1 - crop residues of corn (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T2 - RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding; T3 - RCM without incorporation; T4 - RCM + 44,2 m3 ha-1 pig slurry with incorporation and T5 - RCM with incorporation. The N losses by ammonia volatilization were higher in deep-bedding manure than in the pig slurry, proportionally. No loss of the N for ammonia volatilization was observed with the incorporation of the pig slurry in the soil. The highest ammonia emissions for the atmosphere (65%) occurred during the first day after the application of the pig slurry and the deep-bedding manure in the field. In the second experiment the N dynamics was evaluated in the soil during the black oat cultivation, through the temporary variation of the amounts of mineral N (NNH4+ and N-NO2- + N-NO3-). Also, the dry matter production and N accumulation in oat in the following treatments: T1 crop residues of corn (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry of ; T2 - RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 of deep-bedding manure; T3 - RCM + 9,7 Mg ha-1 of deep-bedding manure; T4 - RCM + 50 kg ha-1 of N-urea and T5 - RCM. For equivalent amounts of mineral N applied to the soil with the deep-bedding manure and the pig slurry, the amount of mineral N in the soil was higher in the pig slurry, evidencing a lower rate of mineralization of organic N of the deep-bedding manure. The ammoniacal N of the pig slurry was quickly nitrified in the soil and N-NO3- produced moved in the soil profile. This shows the evidences of lossing N by lixiviation. The deep-bedding manure presented low potential of supply of N to the oat, compared to the pig slurry. Only 22.5% of the ammoniacal N applied with the pig slurry was recovered in the oat. In the physiologic maturation of the oat 52.6% of ammoniacal N applied with the pig slurry was found in the soil-plant system. In the third experiment was evaluated the effect of the addition of pig manure on the decomposition of the crop residues of corn (RCM), without incorporation to the soil. The emission of C-CO2 was quantified continually for 62 days in the following treatments: T1 - Soil + RCM + 44,3 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T2 - Soil + RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding manure; T3 - Soil + RCM; T4 - Soil + 44,3 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T5 - Soil + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding manure and T6 - Soil. The decomposition was higher in the pig slurry than in the deep bedding, revealing the highest degree of recalcitrant of the carbon compost of the deep-bedding manure. The decomposition of the crop residues of corn, with high C/N ratio, was improved with the application to the pig slurry. |
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2017-04-032017-04-032005-08-12MARQUES, Marcelo Gonçalves. Carbon and nitrogen transformations in soil and oat production with the use of pig manure in no-tillage system SYSTEM. 2005. 83 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005.http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5465The use of pig manure, especially of the deep-bedding manure, is not so often in the winter cover crops, preceding the summer commercial plantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soil and the black oat production with the use of pig slurry and deep-bedding manure. Emphasis has been given to the losses of N for ammonia volatilization, to the variation in the amounts of mineral N, to the decomposition of the organic materials and the oat N accumulation. Three experiments were conducted in field conditions in a typic Hapludalf soil, at the experimental area of the Soil Science Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, from May to October of 2003. In the first experiment, the ammonia volatilization was evaluated after the application of the pig slurry and deep-bedding manure on the crop residues of corn, in the following treatments: T1 - crop residues of corn (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T2 - RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding; T3 - RCM without incorporation; T4 - RCM + 44,2 m3 ha-1 pig slurry with incorporation and T5 - RCM with incorporation. The N losses by ammonia volatilization were higher in deep-bedding manure than in the pig slurry, proportionally. No loss of the N for ammonia volatilization was observed with the incorporation of the pig slurry in the soil. The highest ammonia emissions for the atmosphere (65%) occurred during the first day after the application of the pig slurry and the deep-bedding manure in the field. In the second experiment the N dynamics was evaluated in the soil during the black oat cultivation, through the temporary variation of the amounts of mineral N (NNH4+ and N-NO2- + N-NO3-). Also, the dry matter production and N accumulation in oat in the following treatments: T1 crop residues of corn (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry of ; T2 - RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 of deep-bedding manure; T3 - RCM + 9,7 Mg ha-1 of deep-bedding manure; T4 - RCM + 50 kg ha-1 of N-urea and T5 - RCM. For equivalent amounts of mineral N applied to the soil with the deep-bedding manure and the pig slurry, the amount of mineral N in the soil was higher in the pig slurry, evidencing a lower rate of mineralization of organic N of the deep-bedding manure. The ammoniacal N of the pig slurry was quickly nitrified in the soil and N-NO3- produced moved in the soil profile. This shows the evidences of lossing N by lixiviation. The deep-bedding manure presented low potential of supply of N to the oat, compared to the pig slurry. Only 22.5% of the ammoniacal N applied with the pig slurry was recovered in the oat. In the physiologic maturation of the oat 52.6% of ammoniacal N applied with the pig slurry was found in the soil-plant system. In the third experiment was evaluated the effect of the addition of pig manure on the decomposition of the crop residues of corn (RCM), without incorporation to the soil. The emission of C-CO2 was quantified continually for 62 days in the following treatments: T1 - Soil + RCM + 44,3 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T2 - Soil + RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding manure; T3 - Soil + RCM; T4 - Soil + 44,3 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T5 - Soil + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding manure and T6 - Soil. The decomposition was higher in the pig slurry than in the deep bedding, revealing the highest degree of recalcitrant of the carbon compost of the deep-bedding manure. The decomposition of the crop residues of corn, with high C/N ratio, was improved with the application to the pig slurry.O uso de dejetos de suínos, especialmente da cama sobreposta, é relativamente pouco freqüente em plantas de cobertura de solo no inverno, antecedendo às culturas comerciais de verão. Este trabalho foi realizado para avaliar a dinâmica do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e a produção da cultura da aveia preta com o uso de dejetos líquidos e cama sobreposta de suínos, com ênfase às perdas de N por volatilização de amônia, à variação nas quantidades de N mineral no solo, à decomposição dos materiais orgânicos e ao acúmulo de N pela aveia. Para isso foram conduzidos três experimentos em condições de campo, no período de maio a outubro de 2003, na área experimental do Departamento de Solos da Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) em um Argissolo Amarelo distrófico arênico. No primeiro experimento foi avaliada a volatilização de amônia após a aplicação de dejetos líquidos e cama sobreposta de suínos sobre os resíduos culturais de milho, nos seguintes tratamentos: T1- Resíduos culturais de milho (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 de dejetos líquidos de suínos; T2- RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 de cama sobreposta; T3- RCM sem incorporação ao solo; T4- RCM + 44,2 m3 ha-1 de dejetos líquidos de suínos com incorporação e T5- RCM com incorporação. Proporcionalmente, as perdas de N por volatilização de amônia foram maiores na cama sobreposta de suínos do que nos dejetos líquidos. Quando os dejetos líquidos de suínos foram incorporados ao solo não foram observadas perdas de N por volatilização de amônia. As maiores emissões de amônia para a atmosfera (65% do total emitido) ocorreram durante o primeiro dia após a aplicação dos dejetos líquidos e da cama sobreposta no campo. No segundo experimento avaliou-se a dinâmica do N no solo durante o cultivo da aveia preta, através da variação temporal das quantidades de N mineral (N-NH4+ e N-NO3- + N-NO2-), e também a produção de matéria seca a acúmulo de N da aveia nos seguintes tratamentos: T1- Resíduos culturais de milho (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 de dejetos líquidos de suínos; T2- RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 de cama sobreposta; T3- RCM + 9,7 Mg ha-1 de cama sobreposta; T4- RCM + 50 kg ha-1 de N-uréia e T5- RCM. Para quantidades equivalentes de N mineral aplicadas ao solo com a cama sobreposta e os dejetos líquidos, a quantidade de mineral no solo durante o cultivo de aveia foi maior nos dejetos líquidos, evidenciando a baixa taxa de mineralização do N orgânico da cama sobreposta . O N amoniacal dos dejetos líquidos foi rapidamente nitrificado no solo e o N-NO3 - produzido se deslocou no perfil do solo havendo evidências de perdas desta forma de N por lixiviação. A cama sobreposta de suínos apresentou menor potencial de fornecimento de N à aveia, comparado com os dejetos líquidos de suínos. Apenas 22,5% do N amoniacal aplicado com os dejetos foi recuperado pela cultura da aveia. No florescimento pleno da aveia 52,6% do N amoniacal aplicado com os dejetos líquidos foi encontrado no sistema solo-planta. No terceiro experimento foi avaliado o efeito da adição de dejetos sobre a decomposição dos resíduos culturais do milho (RCM), sem incorporação ao solo. Para isso, foi quantificada a emissão de C-CO2 continuamente durante 62 dias nos seguintes tratamentos: T1- Solo + RCM + 44,3 m3 ha-1 de dejetos líquidos; T2- Solo + RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 de cama sobreposta; T3- Solo + RCM; T4- Solo + 44,3 m3 ha-1 de dejetos líquidos; T5- Solo + 17,9 Mg ha-1 de cama sobreposta e T6- Solo. A decomposição dos dejetos líquidos foi maior do que a cama sobreposta de suínos, revelando o maior grau de recalcitrância dos compostos carbonados da cama sobreposta. A decomposição dos resíduos culturais de milho, com elevada relação C/N, foi favorecida pela aplicação dos dejetos líquidos de suínos, sendo que a mesma aumentou em 21%.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superiorapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência do SoloUFSMBRAgronomiaDejetos líquidos de suínosCama sobreposta de suínosDecomposição de resíduos orgânicosIsótopo 15NPoluição ambientalPig slurryDeep-beddingDecomposition15N isotopeEnvironmental pollutionCNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLOTransformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio diretoCarbon and nitrogen transformations in soil and oat production with the use of pig manure in no-tillage systeminfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisAita, Celsohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7391004032643110Ceretta, Carlos Albertohttp://lattes.cnpq.br/1397096103904161Ros, Clovis Orlando dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6947821986020400http://lattes.cnpq.br/8944512421740829Marques, Marcelo Gonçalves500100100005400500300500500faed6ca8-aa2b-4289-9d78-aa62effd4bf50928974b-8b06-4114-8bd4-e3f3bdd6b5550ad3b833-733d-46a1-86a3-695c5d6789c237be8383-37ab-4567-8c54-4449a21046edinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMORIGINALMARCELO MARQUES.pdfapplication/pdf467970http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5465/1/MARCELO%20MARQUES.pdf4a3d57e4b7d596d3077196bd9c99347fMD51TEXTMARCELO MARQUES.pdf.txtMARCELO MARQUES.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain163874http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5465/2/MARCELO%20MARQUES.pdf.txt9f215119b5928d5600ceacb04a491d22MD52THUMBNAILMARCELO MARQUES.pdf.jpgMARCELO MARQUES.pdf.jpgIM Thumbnailimage/jpeg4976http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/5465/3/MARCELO%20MARQUES.pdf.jpg7182686185069be408de354471a53c8cMD531/54652021-09-22 10:46:50.495oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/5465Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2021-09-22T13:46:50Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Carbon and nitrogen transformations in soil and oat production with the use of pig manure in no-tillage system |
title |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
spellingShingle |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto Marques, Marcelo Gonçalves Dejetos líquidos de suínos Cama sobreposta de suínos Decomposição de resíduos orgânicos Isótopo 15N Poluição ambiental Pig slurry Deep-bedding Decomposition 15N isotope Environmental pollution CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
title_short |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
title_full |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
title_fullStr |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
title_full_unstemmed |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
title_sort |
Transformações do carbono e do nitrogênio no solo e produção de aveia com o uso de dejetos de suínos em plantio direto |
author |
Marques, Marcelo Gonçalves |
author_facet |
Marques, Marcelo Gonçalves |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Aita, Celso |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7391004032643110 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Ceretta, Carlos Alberto |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1397096103904161 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Ros, Clovis Orlando da |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6947821986020400 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/8944512421740829 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Marques, Marcelo Gonçalves |
contributor_str_mv |
Aita, Celso Ceretta, Carlos Alberto Ros, Clovis Orlando da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Dejetos líquidos de suínos Cama sobreposta de suínos Decomposição de resíduos orgânicos Isótopo 15N Poluição ambiental |
topic |
Dejetos líquidos de suínos Cama sobreposta de suínos Decomposição de resíduos orgânicos Isótopo 15N Poluição ambiental Pig slurry Deep-bedding Decomposition 15N isotope Environmental pollution CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Pig slurry Deep-bedding Decomposition 15N isotope Environmental pollution |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::CIENCIA DO SOLO |
description |
The use of pig manure, especially of the deep-bedding manure, is not so often in the winter cover crops, preceding the summer commercial plantation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the carbon and nitrogen dynamics in soil and the black oat production with the use of pig slurry and deep-bedding manure. Emphasis has been given to the losses of N for ammonia volatilization, to the variation in the amounts of mineral N, to the decomposition of the organic materials and the oat N accumulation. Three experiments were conducted in field conditions in a typic Hapludalf soil, at the experimental area of the Soil Science Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, from May to October of 2003. In the first experiment, the ammonia volatilization was evaluated after the application of the pig slurry and deep-bedding manure on the crop residues of corn, in the following treatments: T1 - crop residues of corn (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T2 - RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding; T3 - RCM without incorporation; T4 - RCM + 44,2 m3 ha-1 pig slurry with incorporation and T5 - RCM with incorporation. The N losses by ammonia volatilization were higher in deep-bedding manure than in the pig slurry, proportionally. No loss of the N for ammonia volatilization was observed with the incorporation of the pig slurry in the soil. The highest ammonia emissions for the atmosphere (65%) occurred during the first day after the application of the pig slurry and the deep-bedding manure in the field. In the second experiment the N dynamics was evaluated in the soil during the black oat cultivation, through the temporary variation of the amounts of mineral N (NNH4+ and N-NO2- + N-NO3-). Also, the dry matter production and N accumulation in oat in the following treatments: T1 crop residues of corn (RCM) + 44,2 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry of ; T2 - RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 of deep-bedding manure; T3 - RCM + 9,7 Mg ha-1 of deep-bedding manure; T4 - RCM + 50 kg ha-1 of N-urea and T5 - RCM. For equivalent amounts of mineral N applied to the soil with the deep-bedding manure and the pig slurry, the amount of mineral N in the soil was higher in the pig slurry, evidencing a lower rate of mineralization of organic N of the deep-bedding manure. The ammoniacal N of the pig slurry was quickly nitrified in the soil and N-NO3- produced moved in the soil profile. This shows the evidences of lossing N by lixiviation. The deep-bedding manure presented low potential of supply of N to the oat, compared to the pig slurry. Only 22.5% of the ammoniacal N applied with the pig slurry was recovered in the oat. In the physiologic maturation of the oat 52.6% of ammoniacal N applied with the pig slurry was found in the soil-plant system. In the third experiment was evaluated the effect of the addition of pig manure on the decomposition of the crop residues of corn (RCM), without incorporation to the soil. The emission of C-CO2 was quantified continually for 62 days in the following treatments: T1 - Soil + RCM + 44,3 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T2 - Soil + RCM + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding manure; T3 - Soil + RCM; T4 - Soil + 44,3 m3 ha-1 of pig slurry; T5 - Soil + 17,9 Mg ha-1 deep-bedding manure and T6 - Soil. The decomposition was higher in the pig slurry than in the deep bedding, revealing the highest degree of recalcitrant of the carbon compost of the deep-bedding manure. The decomposition of the crop residues of corn, with high C/N ratio, was improved with the application to the pig slurry. |
publishDate |
2005 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2005-08-12 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2017-04-03 |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2017-04-03 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
MARQUES, Marcelo Gonçalves. Carbon and nitrogen transformations in soil and oat production with the use of pig manure in no-tillage system SYSTEM. 2005. 83 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5465 |
identifier_str_mv |
MARQUES, Marcelo Gonçalves. Carbon and nitrogen transformations in soil and oat production with the use of pig manure in no-tillage system SYSTEM. 2005. 83 f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Agronomia) - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, 2005. |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5465 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
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por |
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500100100005 |
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openAccess |
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UFSM |
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