Tratamento do problema da dessincronização de dados para proteção diferencial

• Ano de defesa: 2025
• Autor(a) principal: Lima, Diomar Adonis Copetti
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Elétrica; Centro de Tecnologia
• Palavras-chave em Português: Proteção diferencial; Dessincronização; IEC 61850; Sincronização de dados; Matriz Pencil; interpolação; Interpolation; Process bus; Differential protection; Desynchronization; Data synchronization; CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA ELETRICA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/36860

This thesis proposes a methodology for treating data desynchronization in differential protection systems for transformers and busbars in digital substations based on the IEC 61850 standard. The methodology addresses the two main causes of desynchronization: measurement time errors and time synchronization errors. The research included theoretical studies to identify the challenges related to data desynchronization in differential protection. To solve these challenges, the proposed methodology uses digital signal processing techniques. Among the techniques applied are Matrix Pencil (MP) for frequency estimation, Lagrange Interpolation for correcting the sampling instant, and a half-cycle Fourier transform for calculating the phase angle. The focus is to ensure a fast and accurate protection response, even in cases of temporary loss of synchronization, signal variations, and noise. The methodology also seeks to integrate the Simple Network Time Protocol (SNTP) and IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol (PTP), acting as a complement to PTP in situations of synchronization loss. The validation of the methodology was carried out through simulations, including Hardware-in-the-Loop (HIL) tests. In one of the test environments, a Raspberry Pi emulated the current signals, publishing the sampled values on an Ethernet network to a notebook. This notebook, emulating an Intelligent Electronic Device (IED), executed the methodology and data treatment. In another environment, a real-time simulator, the Optimized Power System Automation Laboratory RealTime (OPAL-RT), published data from a substation via Ethernet to a notebook, which emulated the protection IED. The simulation results demonstrated the effectiveness of the methodology in treating desynchronized data for differential protection, making the protection more precise and reliable. Preliminary results showed a 98.43% reduction in incorrect protection trips for a measurement time error of 5 µs. This contributes to the reduction of forced outages and increases the safety and efficiency of the electrical power system. The proposed methodology is a viable and robust solution for modernizing differential protection in substations based on IEC 61850, being applicable in distribution and subtransmission substations.