Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias
Ano de defesa: | 2022 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , |
Tipo de documento: | Dissertação |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental
|
Departamento: |
Ciências Ambientais
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26732 |
Resumo: | The largest source of lignin currently available is the residue from the pulp/paper manufacturing process. Kraft lignins are weakly anionic, low molecular weight polymers of limited utility without modification. Cationic lignin has advantages that reside in its wide range of applications, and can be used in the treatment of effluents. Derivatization is a usual strategy to improve its surfactant property. Organic polymers of plant origin represent an important alternative for replacement or use in conjunction with conventional coagulants/flocculants. In this study, lignin was purified from black liquor, as well as lignin extraction from Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus grandis woods using the Klason method. The derivatization process for cationization was carried out with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a pH 12 medium, under stirring for 1.5 hours at a temperature of 60ºC. Purification of the solid reaction product was carried out after pH neutralization, washing with water and vacuum filtration. The degree of substitution (DS) that occurred by the grafting of quaternary ammonium groups on lignin monomers was characterized, as well as the DS by the chloride content. Subsequently, the performance of the synthesized polymers as flocculants for the treatment of leached effluent from a sanitary landfill was evaluated. The kraft and Klason lignins from Pinus taeda and Eucalypitus grandis showed satisfactory DS in relation to the nitrogen graft in the samples, in the order of 0.31; 0.31 and 0.34, respectively. The DS calculated as a function of the chloride content proved to be an indicator of low precision and experimental reliability for the method used. The landfill leachate was characterized as recent, with high color, medium metal content and important biodegradability. The lignins cationized from Pinus taeda and Eucalypitus grandis showed low potential for color removal after cationization, in addition to providing turbidity to the effluent. For the conditions of this study, aluminum sulfate, Tanfloc SG and Lignin kraft cationic (LKC), in that order, showed the best performances. The best dosages followed by the percentages of color removal and turbidity, respectively, were: aluminum sulfate 1000 mg.L1 , 95% and 94%; Tanfloc SG 1000 mg.L-1 , 83% and 81% and LKC 640 mg.L-1 , 50% and 70%. LKC proved to be a promising organic flocculant for the treatment of wastewater. |
id |
UFSM_d87286315fc897941f7bbb3fe2082987 |
---|---|
oai_identifier_str |
oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/26732 |
network_acronym_str |
UFSM |
network_name_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
repository_id_str |
|
spelling |
2022-11-01T17:33:03Z2022-11-01T17:33:03Z2022-09-22http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26732The largest source of lignin currently available is the residue from the pulp/paper manufacturing process. Kraft lignins are weakly anionic, low molecular weight polymers of limited utility without modification. Cationic lignin has advantages that reside in its wide range of applications, and can be used in the treatment of effluents. Derivatization is a usual strategy to improve its surfactant property. Organic polymers of plant origin represent an important alternative for replacement or use in conjunction with conventional coagulants/flocculants. In this study, lignin was purified from black liquor, as well as lignin extraction from Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus grandis woods using the Klason method. The derivatization process for cationization was carried out with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a pH 12 medium, under stirring for 1.5 hours at a temperature of 60ºC. Purification of the solid reaction product was carried out after pH neutralization, washing with water and vacuum filtration. The degree of substitution (DS) that occurred by the grafting of quaternary ammonium groups on lignin monomers was characterized, as well as the DS by the chloride content. Subsequently, the performance of the synthesized polymers as flocculants for the treatment of leached effluent from a sanitary landfill was evaluated. The kraft and Klason lignins from Pinus taeda and Eucalypitus grandis showed satisfactory DS in relation to the nitrogen graft in the samples, in the order of 0.31; 0.31 and 0.34, respectively. The DS calculated as a function of the chloride content proved to be an indicator of low precision and experimental reliability for the method used. The landfill leachate was characterized as recent, with high color, medium metal content and important biodegradability. The lignins cationized from Pinus taeda and Eucalypitus grandis showed low potential for color removal after cationization, in addition to providing turbidity to the effluent. For the conditions of this study, aluminum sulfate, Tanfloc SG and Lignin kraft cationic (LKC), in that order, showed the best performances. The best dosages followed by the percentages of color removal and turbidity, respectively, were: aluminum sulfate 1000 mg.L1 , 95% and 94%; Tanfloc SG 1000 mg.L-1 , 83% and 81% and LKC 640 mg.L-1 , 50% and 70%. LKC proved to be a promising organic flocculant for the treatment of wastewater.A maior fonte de lignina atualmente disponível é o resíduo do processo de fabricação de papel/celulose. Ligninas kraft são fracamente aniônicas, de baixo peso molecular, sendo polímeros de utilidade limitada sem modificações. A lignina catiônica apresenta vantagens que residem em sua ampla gama de aplicações, podendo ser empregada no tratamento de efluentes. A derivatização é uma estratégia usual para melhorar sua propriedade surfactante. Polímeros orgânicos de origem vegetal representam uma alternativa importante para substituição ou uso em conjunto com os coagulantes/floculantes convencionais. Neste estudo, procedeu-se a purificação da lignina a partir do licor negro, bem como a extração de lignina a partir das madeiras de Pinus taeda e Eucalyptus grandis pelo método de Klason. O processo de derivatização para cationização foi realizado com cloreto de 3-cloro-2- hidroxipropiltrimetilamônio em meio pH 12, sob agitação por 1,5 horas e temperatura de 60ºC. A purificação do produto sólido da reação foi realizada após neutralização do pH, lavagem com água e filtração à vácuo. Caracterizou-se o grau de substituição (DS) que se deu pelo enxerto de grupos amônio quaternário nos monômeros de lignina, bem como o DS pelo teor de cloreto. Posteriormente, avaliou-se o desempenho dos polímeros sintetizados como floculantes para o tratamento de efluente lixiviado de aterro sanitário. As ligninas kraft e Klason de Pinus taeda e Eucalypitus grandis apresentaram DS satisfatório em relação ao enxerto de nitrogênio nas amostras, da ordem de 0,31; 0,31 e 0,34, respectivamente. O DS calculado em função do teor de cloreto demonstrou-se um indicador de baixa precisão e confiabilidade experimental para o método empregado. As ligninas cationizadas a partir de Pinus taeda e Eucalypitus grandis apresentaram baixo potencial para remoção de cor após a cationização, além de conferirem turbidez ao efluente. Para as condições deste estudo, sulfato de alumínio, Tanfloc SG e a Lignina kraft catiônica (LKC), nesta ordem, demontraram os melhores desempenhos. As melhores dosagens seguidas dos percentuais de remoção de cor e turbidez, respectivamente, foram: sulfato de alumínio 1000 mg.L-1 , 95% e 94%; Tanfloc SG 1000 mg.L-1 , 83% e 81% e LKC 640 mg.L-1 , 50% e 70%. LKC demonstrou ser um floculante orgânico promissor para o tratamento de águas residuárias.porUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaUFSM Frederico WestphalenPrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia AmbientalUFSMBrasilCiências AmbientaisAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessBiopolímerosDerivatizaçãoFloculantes orgânicosBiopolymersDerivatizationOrganic flocculantsCNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIASSíntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuáriasSynthesis and performance of cationic ligin as a flocculant for wastewater treatmentinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesisWastowski, Arci Dirceuhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/7381394178075740Golombieski, Jaqueline IneuRosa, Genesio Mario daAraújo, Ronaldo Kanopf dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/5363570172989768Tejada, Luma Schervenski900500000008600600600600600600d3d53c30-246f-4006-b9b9-ac4f3fcba0889af4ccdb-6023-4a6c-860c-0881420674b2f90243ac-3751-48d2-befe-2bbff28b84e8ac0f571e-cc33-4e50-a8a8-49b2c2eb591c8010e9c9-35e7-4878-8135-a31b5fffb02ereponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMLICENSElicense.txtlicense.txttext/plain; charset=utf-816http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26732/3/license.txtf8fcb28efb1c8cf0dc096bec902bf4c4MD53ORIGINALDIS_PPGCTA_2022_TEJADA_LUMA.pdfDIS_PPGCTA_2022_TEJADA_LUMA.pdfDissertação de mestradoapplication/pdf2485660http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26732/1/DIS_PPGCTA_2022_TEJADA_LUMA.pdfe927a29ce5851325aa71d973e0a5be0fMD51CC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; charset=utf-8805http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26732/2/license_rdf4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347MD521/267322022-11-01 14:33:03.234oai:repositorio.ufsm.br:1/26732Q3JlYXRpdmUgQ29tbW9ucw==Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertaçõeshttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/ONGhttps://repositorio.ufsm.br/oai/requestatendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.comopendoar:2022-11-01T17:33:03Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Synthesis and performance of cationic ligin as a flocculant for wastewater treatment |
title |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
spellingShingle |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias Tejada, Luma Schervenski Biopolímeros Derivatização Floculantes orgânicos Biopolymers Derivatization Organic flocculants CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
title_short |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
title_full |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
title_fullStr |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
title_full_unstemmed |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
title_sort |
Síntese e desempenho da lignina catiônica como floculante para o tratamento de águas residuárias |
author |
Tejada, Luma Schervenski |
author_facet |
Tejada, Luma Schervenski |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Wastowski, Arci Dirceu |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/7381394178075740 |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Golombieski, Jaqueline Ineu |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Rosa, Genesio Mario da |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Araújo, Ronaldo Kanopf de |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/5363570172989768 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Tejada, Luma Schervenski |
contributor_str_mv |
Wastowski, Arci Dirceu Golombieski, Jaqueline Ineu Rosa, Genesio Mario da Araújo, Ronaldo Kanopf de |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Biopolímeros Derivatização Floculantes orgânicos |
topic |
Biopolímeros Derivatização Floculantes orgânicos Biopolymers Derivatization Organic flocculants CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Biopolymers Derivatization Organic flocculants |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::OUTROS::CIENCIAS |
description |
The largest source of lignin currently available is the residue from the pulp/paper manufacturing process. Kraft lignins are weakly anionic, low molecular weight polymers of limited utility without modification. Cationic lignin has advantages that reside in its wide range of applications, and can be used in the treatment of effluents. Derivatization is a usual strategy to improve its surfactant property. Organic polymers of plant origin represent an important alternative for replacement or use in conjunction with conventional coagulants/flocculants. In this study, lignin was purified from black liquor, as well as lignin extraction from Pinus taeda and Eucalyptus grandis woods using the Klason method. The derivatization process for cationization was carried out with 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride in a pH 12 medium, under stirring for 1.5 hours at a temperature of 60ºC. Purification of the solid reaction product was carried out after pH neutralization, washing with water and vacuum filtration. The degree of substitution (DS) that occurred by the grafting of quaternary ammonium groups on lignin monomers was characterized, as well as the DS by the chloride content. Subsequently, the performance of the synthesized polymers as flocculants for the treatment of leached effluent from a sanitary landfill was evaluated. The kraft and Klason lignins from Pinus taeda and Eucalypitus grandis showed satisfactory DS in relation to the nitrogen graft in the samples, in the order of 0.31; 0.31 and 0.34, respectively. The DS calculated as a function of the chloride content proved to be an indicator of low precision and experimental reliability for the method used. The landfill leachate was characterized as recent, with high color, medium metal content and important biodegradability. The lignins cationized from Pinus taeda and Eucalypitus grandis showed low potential for color removal after cationization, in addition to providing turbidity to the effluent. For the conditions of this study, aluminum sulfate, Tanfloc SG and Lignin kraft cationic (LKC), in that order, showed the best performances. The best dosages followed by the percentages of color removal and turbidity, respectively, were: aluminum sulfate 1000 mg.L1 , 95% and 94%; Tanfloc SG 1000 mg.L-1 , 83% and 81% and LKC 640 mg.L-1 , 50% and 70%. LKC proved to be a promising organic flocculant for the treatment of wastewater. |
publishDate |
2022 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-01T17:33:03Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2022-11-01T17:33:03Z |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2022-09-22 |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/masterThesis |
format |
masterThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26732 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/26732 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
900500000008 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 600 600 600 600 600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
d3d53c30-246f-4006-b9b9-ac4f3fcba088 9af4ccdb-6023-4a6c-860c-0881420674b2 f90243ac-3751-48d2-befe-2bbff28b84e8 ac0f571e-cc33-4e50-a8a8-49b2c2eb591c 8010e9c9-35e7-4878-8135-a31b5fffb02e |
dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
rights_invalid_str_mv |
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ |
eu_rights_str_mv |
openAccess |
dc.publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
dc.publisher.program.fl_str_mv |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia Ambiental |
dc.publisher.initials.fl_str_mv |
UFSM |
dc.publisher.country.fl_str_mv |
Brasil |
dc.publisher.department.fl_str_mv |
Ciências Ambientais |
publisher.none.fl_str_mv |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria UFSM Frederico Westphalen |
dc.source.none.fl_str_mv |
reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM instname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) instacron:UFSM |
instname_str |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
instacron_str |
UFSM |
institution |
UFSM |
reponame_str |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
collection |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM |
bitstream.url.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26732/3/license.txt http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26732/1/DIS_PPGCTA_2022_TEJADA_LUMA.pdf http://repositorio.ufsm.br/bitstream/1/26732/2/license_rdf |
bitstream.checksum.fl_str_mv |
f8fcb28efb1c8cf0dc096bec902bf4c4 e927a29ce5851325aa71d973e0a5be0f 4460e5956bc1d1639be9ae6146a50347 |
bitstream.checksumAlgorithm.fl_str_mv |
MD5 MD5 MD5 |
repository.name.fl_str_mv |
Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSM - Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM) |
repository.mail.fl_str_mv |
atendimento.sib@ufsm.br||tedebc@gmail.com |
_version_ |
1793240148501069824 |