Ensaios sobre bullying e discriminação com adolescentes das escolas do Brasil

• Ano de defesa: 2024
• Autor(a) principal: Cavalheiro, Jennifer da Rosa
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• dARK ID: ark:/26339/001300001bhgm
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria; Brasil; Economia; UFSM; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Economia e Desenvolvimento; Centro de Ciências Sociais e Humanas
• Palavras-chave em Português: Discriminação; Bullying; Saúde mental; Política pública; Discrimination; Mental health; Public policy; CNPQ::CIENCIAS SOCIAIS APLICADAS::ECONOMIA
• Link de acesso: http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/33384

Discrimination and bullying in the school environment are social problems that impact the human capital of the economy and hinder healthy development at a crucial stage in young people's lives. The objective of this dissertation is to empirically analyze adolescent behaviors in educational environments in the Brazilian context, with a particular focus on expressions of violence, specifically, bullying and discrimination, by exploring the impacts on the mental health of victimized students and examining the effect of public policies implemented in educational institutions. This study consists of two essays, using data from the National School Health Survey (PeNSE, 2019). The first essay aimed to analyze the impact of bullying and discrimination on the mental health of Brazilian adolescents. A multilevel linear probability model with a binary dependent variable was implemented, considering the clustering effect across three levels: student, classroom, and school. The results indicate that discrimination, particularly homofobia, and various types of bullying, such as those based on body appearance, facial appearance, and other reasons, as well as cyberbullying, are positively associated with risky behavior among youth. The second essay aimed to analyze whether the Health at School Program (PSE) has the potential to reduce school violence indicators, specifically bullying and discrimination. For this purpose, the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) method was applied, along with Lewbel's estimator to control for endogeneity and quantile treatment. The results indicate that participation in the PSE does not significantly contribute to the reduction of school violence cases.