Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)
Ano de defesa: | 2016 |
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Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria
Centro de Ciências da Saúde |
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas
|
Departamento: |
Farmacologia
|
País: |
Brasil
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18067 |
Resumo: | The increase in palm oil demand in the world market generates a greater amount of co-products resulting from the extraction process. These by-products are being investigated for the presence of bioactive compounds, since they are free of chemical solvents. Furthermore, only the oily components were extracted from the fruit and seed, there is a large quantity of compounds trapped in the palm pressed fiber and palm kernel cake and possibly an amount of residual oil. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of different types of extraction in chemical and biological activity of bioactive compounds of fiber and seed pressed of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Palm), as well as optimizing the development of nanoemulsions containing palm oil. We evaluated the extraction of bioactive compounds of the pressed palm kernel using supercritical CO2 and pressurized LPG. The LPG was more effective in palm kernel oil extraction, since the time spent in the process was about 3- 4 minutes, while with supercritical CO2 was about 75 minutes. Extraction yield using LPG was higher than CO2 at a lower temperature. The chemical composition of the extracts presented primarily fatty acids (18), mostly lauric acid, myristic, oleic, which were found in all samples. Regarding the extraction of bioactive compounds from the palm pressed fiber using supercritical CO2and pressurized LPG, it was found that using CO2 we obtained the highest extraction yield at 60 °C and 25 MPa, as well as the highest antioxidant activity and sun protection factor. The chemical composition for both solvents was lauric acid, oleic and palmitic acid, which together represent 80% of the chemical composition of the samples. Also it was identified compounds such as α-tocopherol, squalene, β- sitosterol and total carotenoids. Optimization of the extraction of antioxidants and fiber photoprotective palm pressed with ethanol using ultrasound probe, the condition with the highest yield (3.24%) was at ultrasound intensity of 120 W.cm-2 and pulse 0.4. Compounds such as fatty acids, β- sitosterol, α-tocopherol, squalene and phenolic were identified. The extract presented antioxidant activity towards synthetic radicals (DDPH and ABTS) and organic hydroxyl (•OH), and a sun protection factor of 15.01. Palm oil was incorporated in nanoemulsions, being stable at different conditions of storage (4°C, 25°C and 40°C). The best operational condition to obtain the nanoemulsion was combining pre-formulation step using the ultra turrax and after high intensity ultrasonic processor at 200 W.cm-2 for 15 minutes. The oil and surfactants concentrations were 2.8 wt % and the HLB 6.5 (mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80). The results demonstrated the possibility to incorporate the palm oil in cosmetic formulations to increase the sun protection factor as well as be used both as an antioxidant in cosmetic and/or food products. The use of palm processing residues to obtain bioactive compounds is a sustainable way to obtain value-added products. |
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2019-08-29T12:37:04Z2019-08-29T12:37:04Z2016-07-26http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18067The increase in palm oil demand in the world market generates a greater amount of co-products resulting from the extraction process. These by-products are being investigated for the presence of bioactive compounds, since they are free of chemical solvents. Furthermore, only the oily components were extracted from the fruit and seed, there is a large quantity of compounds trapped in the palm pressed fiber and palm kernel cake and possibly an amount of residual oil. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of different types of extraction in chemical and biological activity of bioactive compounds of fiber and seed pressed of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Palm), as well as optimizing the development of nanoemulsions containing palm oil. We evaluated the extraction of bioactive compounds of the pressed palm kernel using supercritical CO2 and pressurized LPG. The LPG was more effective in palm kernel oil extraction, since the time spent in the process was about 3- 4 minutes, while with supercritical CO2 was about 75 minutes. Extraction yield using LPG was higher than CO2 at a lower temperature. The chemical composition of the extracts presented primarily fatty acids (18), mostly lauric acid, myristic, oleic, which were found in all samples. Regarding the extraction of bioactive compounds from the palm pressed fiber using supercritical CO2and pressurized LPG, it was found that using CO2 we obtained the highest extraction yield at 60 °C and 25 MPa, as well as the highest antioxidant activity and sun protection factor. The chemical composition for both solvents was lauric acid, oleic and palmitic acid, which together represent 80% of the chemical composition of the samples. Also it was identified compounds such as α-tocopherol, squalene, β- sitosterol and total carotenoids. Optimization of the extraction of antioxidants and fiber photoprotective palm pressed with ethanol using ultrasound probe, the condition with the highest yield (3.24%) was at ultrasound intensity of 120 W.cm-2 and pulse 0.4. Compounds such as fatty acids, β- sitosterol, α-tocopherol, squalene and phenolic were identified. The extract presented antioxidant activity towards synthetic radicals (DDPH and ABTS) and organic hydroxyl (•OH), and a sun protection factor of 15.01. Palm oil was incorporated in nanoemulsions, being stable at different conditions of storage (4°C, 25°C and 40°C). The best operational condition to obtain the nanoemulsion was combining pre-formulation step using the ultra turrax and after high intensity ultrasonic processor at 200 W.cm-2 for 15 minutes. The oil and surfactants concentrations were 2.8 wt % and the HLB 6.5 (mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80). The results demonstrated the possibility to incorporate the palm oil in cosmetic formulations to increase the sun protection factor as well as be used both as an antioxidant in cosmetic and/or food products. The use of palm processing residues to obtain bioactive compounds is a sustainable way to obtain value-added products.O aumento na demanda do óleo de palma gera grande quantidade de co-produtos resultantes do processo de extração. Esses co-produtos podem ser alvos de investigação da presença de compostos bioativos, uma vez que não são empregados solventes químicos no processo de extração. Além disso, somente se extrai os componentes oleosos do fruto e da semente, havendo grande quantidade de compostos retidos na fibra e semente prensada da palma e, provavelmente, uma quantidade de óleo residual. Nesse sentido, o objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar a eficiência de diferentes tipos de extração na caracterização química e atividade biológica de compostos bioativos da fibra e semente prensada de Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (palma), bem como otimizar o desenvolvimento de nanoemulsões contendo óleo de palma. Avaliou-se a extração de compostos bioativos da semente prensada da palma utilizando-se CO2 supercrítico e GLP pressurizado. Este solvente mostrou-se mais efetivo para extração do óleo da semente de palma, uma vez que o tempo gasto no processo foi cerca de 3-4 minutos, enquanto que com CO2 supercrítico em torno de 75 minutos. Além disso, apresentou maior rendimento de extração e as amostras foram extraídas menor temperatura. A composição química dos extratos apresentou basicamente ácidos graxos (18), em sua maioria ácido láurico, mirístico, oleico, os quais foram encontrados em todas as amostras. Em relação a extração de compostos bioativos da fibra prensada de palma utilizando CO2 supercrítico e GLP pressurizado, verificou-se que a primeira proporcionou maior rendimento de extração, a 60 °C e 25 MPa, bem como maiores atividades antioxidantes e fator de proteção solar. A composição química para ambos solventes, foi ácido láurico, oleico e palmítico, que juntos representam 80% da constituição química das amostras. Além desses, identificou-se compostos como α-tocoferol, esqualeno, β-sitosterol e carotenoides totais. Na otimização da extração de compostos antioxidantes e fotoprotetores da fibra prensada de palma com etanol utilizando-se sonda de ultrassom, a condição que apresentou maior rendimento (3,24%) foi 120 W.cm-2 de intensidade e pulso de 0.4. Obteve-se compostos como ácidos graxos, β-sitosterol, α- tocoferol, esqualeno e fenólicos totais. Além disso, o extrato apresentou atividade antioxidante frente aos radicais sintéticos (DDPH e ABTS) e biológico hidroxil (•OH) e um fator de proteção solar de 15. O óleo de palma foi incorporado em nanoemulsões que demonstraram ser estáveis em diferentes condições de armazenamento ( 4°C, 25°C e 40°C). A melhor condição foi obtida pela combinação de etapa de pré-formulação utilizando-se ultra turrax e após processador de ultrassom de alta intensidade em uma amplitude de 200 W.cm-2 por 15 minutos. A concentração de óleo incorporada foi de 2,8 % bem como de surfactantes (mistura de span 80 e tween 80). Nesse sentido, verificou-se a possibilidade deste óleo ser incorporado em formulações cosméticas, potencializando o fator de proteção solar bem como ser utilizado como antioxidante tanto em produtos cosméticos quanto produtos alimentícios. Em um contexto geral este estudo mostrou uma forma sustentável de aproveitamento da grande quantidade de resíduos gerados pela indústria de processamento de palma, que muitas vezes é desperdiçada.porUniversidade Federal de Santa MariaCentro de Ciências da SaúdePrograma de Pós-Graduação em Ciências FarmacêuticasUFSMBrasilFarmacologiaAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessElaeis guineensis JacqCO2 supercríticoGLP comprimidoUltrassomNanoemulsõesAtividade antioxidanteAtividade fotoprotetoraSupercritical CO2Compressed LPGUltrasoundNanoemulsionAntioxidant activityPhotoprotective activityCNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIAExtração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.)Extraction, identification and potentials pharmaceutical compounds obtained from fiber pressed palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq)info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisRosa, Marcelo Barcellos dahttp://lattes.cnpq.br/0308293154958870Carvalho, Camilo Amaro dehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/2890862161339721Priamo, Wagner Luizhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6848454527085622Zabot, Giovani Leonehttp://lattes.cnpq.br/6573885187331634Wagner, Rogerhttp://lattes.cnpq.br/4780821244553957http://lattes.cnpq.br/1873977455804734Dal Prá, Valéria2010000000006008b5ece49-3859-41c1-a27a-94fe03364b5a31306461-c9fb-48b9-a723-81768f09da56a0b9f40f-6e86-4184-a359-adda3afd5d835bfecd58-57d2-4557-9536-793c1c6c53889967a470-83ed-4b92-8548-95b0c698088317536234-2395-4244-a37f-fcbfdb645545reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações do UFSMinstname:Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)instacron:UFSMCC-LICENSElicense_rdflicense_rdfapplication/rdf+xml; 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dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
dc.title.alternative.eng.fl_str_mv |
Extraction, identification and potentials pharmaceutical compounds obtained from fiber pressed palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) |
title |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
spellingShingle |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Dal Prá, Valéria Elaeis guineensis Jacq CO2 supercrítico GLP comprimido Ultrassom Nanoemulsões Atividade antioxidante Atividade fotoprotetora Supercritical CO2 Compressed LPG Ultrasound Nanoemulsion Antioxidant activity Photoprotective activity CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA |
title_short |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
title_full |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
title_fullStr |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
title_sort |
Extração, identificação e potencialidades farmacêuticas de compostos obtidos da fibra prensada da palma (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) |
author |
Dal Prá, Valéria |
author_facet |
Dal Prá, Valéria |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Rosa, Marcelo Barcellos da |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/0308293154958870 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Carvalho, Camilo Amaro de |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/2890862161339721 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Priamo, Wagner Luiz |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6848454527085622 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Zabot, Giovani Leone |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/6573885187331634 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Wagner, Roger |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/4780821244553957 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://lattes.cnpq.br/1873977455804734 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Dal Prá, Valéria |
contributor_str_mv |
Rosa, Marcelo Barcellos da Carvalho, Camilo Amaro de Priamo, Wagner Luiz Zabot, Giovani Leone Wagner, Roger |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Elaeis guineensis Jacq CO2 supercrítico GLP comprimido Ultrassom Nanoemulsões Atividade antioxidante Atividade fotoprotetora |
topic |
Elaeis guineensis Jacq CO2 supercrítico GLP comprimido Ultrassom Nanoemulsões Atividade antioxidante Atividade fotoprotetora Supercritical CO2 Compressed LPG Ultrasound Nanoemulsion Antioxidant activity Photoprotective activity CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Supercritical CO2 Compressed LPG Ultrasound Nanoemulsion Antioxidant activity Photoprotective activity |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::FARMACOLOGIA |
description |
The increase in palm oil demand in the world market generates a greater amount of co-products resulting from the extraction process. These by-products are being investigated for the presence of bioactive compounds, since they are free of chemical solvents. Furthermore, only the oily components were extracted from the fruit and seed, there is a large quantity of compounds trapped in the palm pressed fiber and palm kernel cake and possibly an amount of residual oil. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of different types of extraction in chemical and biological activity of bioactive compounds of fiber and seed pressed of Elaeis guineensis Jacq. (Palm), as well as optimizing the development of nanoemulsions containing palm oil. We evaluated the extraction of bioactive compounds of the pressed palm kernel using supercritical CO2 and pressurized LPG. The LPG was more effective in palm kernel oil extraction, since the time spent in the process was about 3- 4 minutes, while with supercritical CO2 was about 75 minutes. Extraction yield using LPG was higher than CO2 at a lower temperature. The chemical composition of the extracts presented primarily fatty acids (18), mostly lauric acid, myristic, oleic, which were found in all samples. Regarding the extraction of bioactive compounds from the palm pressed fiber using supercritical CO2and pressurized LPG, it was found that using CO2 we obtained the highest extraction yield at 60 °C and 25 MPa, as well as the highest antioxidant activity and sun protection factor. The chemical composition for both solvents was lauric acid, oleic and palmitic acid, which together represent 80% of the chemical composition of the samples. Also it was identified compounds such as α-tocopherol, squalene, β- sitosterol and total carotenoids. Optimization of the extraction of antioxidants and fiber photoprotective palm pressed with ethanol using ultrasound probe, the condition with the highest yield (3.24%) was at ultrasound intensity of 120 W.cm-2 and pulse 0.4. Compounds such as fatty acids, β- sitosterol, α-tocopherol, squalene and phenolic were identified. The extract presented antioxidant activity towards synthetic radicals (DDPH and ABTS) and organic hydroxyl (•OH), and a sun protection factor of 15.01. Palm oil was incorporated in nanoemulsions, being stable at different conditions of storage (4°C, 25°C and 40°C). The best operational condition to obtain the nanoemulsion was combining pre-formulation step using the ultra turrax and after high intensity ultrasonic processor at 200 W.cm-2 for 15 minutes. The oil and surfactants concentrations were 2.8 wt % and the HLB 6.5 (mixture of Span 80 and Tween 80). The results demonstrated the possibility to incorporate the palm oil in cosmetic formulations to increase the sun protection factor as well as be used both as an antioxidant in cosmetic and/or food products. The use of palm processing residues to obtain bioactive compounds is a sustainable way to obtain value-added products. |
publishDate |
2016 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2016-07-26 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2019-08-29T12:37:04Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2019-08-29T12:37:04Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
format |
doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18067 |
url |
http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/18067 |
dc.language.iso.fl_str_mv |
por |
language |
por |
dc.relation.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
201000000000 |
dc.relation.confidence.fl_str_mv |
600 |
dc.relation.authority.fl_str_mv |
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dc.rights.driver.fl_str_mv |
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Universidade Federal de Santa Maria Centro de Ciências da Saúde |
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