Composição corporal, distúrbios metabólicos e deficiência de vitaminas A, E, C e B12 em crianças e adolescentes infectados pelo HIV.

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Karoline Faria de
• Orientador(a): Weffort, Virgínia Resende Silva
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Programa de Pós-Graduação Stricto Sensu em Atenção à Saúde
• Departamento: Atenção à Saúde das Populações
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Criança; Adolescente; HIV; Vitamina A; Ácido Ascórbico; Vitamina B12; Vitamina E
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Child; Adolescent; HIV; Vitamin A; Ascorbic Acid; Vitamin B12; Vitamin E
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS DA SAUDE::ENFERMAGEM::ENFERMAGEM DE SAUDE PUBLICA
• Link de acesso: http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/147

This study aimed to evaluate the metabolic, nutritional and vitaminic impact in children and adolescents infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) in antiretroviral therapy, and the specific objectives are describe and compare metabolic, vitaminic and nutritional profile of children and adolescents infected or not by the HIV, to check the diet and anthropometric adequacy and classify them according to the age, evaluate lipid, glucose and insulin metabolic disorder and compare it to the control group, associate the presence of lipid, glucose and insulin alteration to the use of antiretroviral medications, evaluate micronutrient deficiency and compare it to the control group and associate micronutrients deficiency to the oxidative stress. This is an analytical, quantitative, case control field study. The first group (G1) was composed by 27 children and adolescents, from 3 to 19 years old, infected by HIV by vertical transmission, assisted in an ambulatory clinic. The second group (G2) was represented by 27 children and adolescents matched for age, sex and socioeconomic status, members of a central municipal school in Uberaba. The mean age was 12 years old, and female prevalence, 17 (63%). The most common economic classes were respectively C (50%), B2, D and B1. There were no significant differences in economic conditions and sexual maturation. Anthropometric, food consumption and biochemical evaluations were measured. The anthropometric assessment showed no significant difference, although 3,7% of individuals of G1 were classified as obese, 18,5% had higher percentage of body fat and having larger waist circumference records average, while in G2 none of the individuals were obese and 3,7% had higher amounts of body fat. The consumption of varieties and vitamin C was significantly higher in G1 by the 24 Hour Food Recall method (p=0,036/t=2,295; p=0,011/t=2,857, respectively). The intake of all food groups was higher in G1 compared to G2 from 4 to 11 years old, except the consumption of milk and saturated fat, and the consumption of vegetables was significantly higher from 12 to 20 years old by the Semiquantitative Food Frequency Questionnaire. Regarding the biochemical evaluation, the serum triglycerides amount found was significantly higher in G1 (p=0,006/t=2,987). No associations between the values of micronutrients and the use of antiretroviral medications were found. There was a significant difference in dosage of vitamin C, being lower in G1 (p=0,000/t=-7,309). There was a greater deficiency of vitamin C and E in G1, although the differences between the groups were not significant for E vitamin. In relation to oxidative stress, the values of C-reactive protein (CRP) in G1 were significantly higher (p=0,007/t=2,958). There was no relationship between micronutrient deficiency and serum CRP and albumin. It is concluded that the deficiencies found in children and adolescents infected by HIV are not due to nutricion, but due to the metabolic peculiarities caused by the infection. The infection by a virus like HIV, and its immunosuppressive effect requires a higher nutrient demand solicited for frequent infection episodes. The monitoring of these children and teenagers should be rigorous, paying attention to the nutritional deficits and overburdens faced, allowing preventive interventions to these individuals.