Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água
Ano de defesa: | 2015 |
---|---|
Autor(a) principal: | |
Orientador(a): | |
Banca de defesa: | , , , |
Tipo de documento: | Tese |
Tipo de acesso: | Acesso aberto |
Idioma: | por |
Instituição de defesa: |
Universidade Federal de Uberlândia
|
Programa de Pós-Graduação: |
Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química
|
Departamento: |
Engenharias
|
País: |
BR
|
Palavras-chave em Português: | |
Palavras-chave em Inglês: | |
Área do conhecimento CNPq: | |
Link de acesso: | https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15090 https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99 |
Resumo: | The Sun is the main source of energy on Earth. Its energy capacity can be considered inexhaustible, it does not produce waste and has an adaptive allocation. Also in abundance, salt water is available on the planet covering most of the Earth\'s surface. However, today, more than one billion people around the world do not have access to clean water. In this scenario, the production of drinking water by desalination of salt water becomes fundamental. Therefore, this study aimed to the use of solar energy to desalinate water through solar concentrators, the disc types (CSD) and Fresnel lens (CSLF). For this, a theoretical study considering geometrical optics concepts was implemented to investigate, among four surfaces, the best that concentrated the sun\'s rays. In the same way, a computer simulation enabled the analysis of a dynamic heating through fundamental equations of Transport Phenomena. Thus, two prototypes were constructed using: a satellite dish, a Fresnel lens for an overhead projector, a tripod with astrophotography purposes and a simplied distillation system. These devices were experimentally characterized and the production of distilled water was determined considering solutions with 0% to 4% of sea salt. Therefore, the productivity of solar concentrators were compared, and a factorial experiment determined mathematically, system optimization conditions. As a result, the parabolic surface was the one with the biggest factor interception was therefore chosen as the prototype model. The simulation of the heating dynamics were validated experimentally and the highest temperature reached was of 319 graus C with a heating ramp that reached 75.56 graus C.min -1. In the construction of the prototype, the dish was mirrored by a chroming process and both the evaporator and the condenser was modified during the testing to take the format adopted in the experiments. In terms of productivity, the best results were 4.95 kg.m -2.day -1 for the CSD and 5.40 kg.m -2.day -1 for CSLF. The mass loading was the most significant variable indicated by the design of experiments but was also in uenced by colligative properties of the water. Therefore, this equipment meets a local demand for water due to the fact desalinate and disinfect brackish and salt water being able to satisfy, every m2 captured from sun\'s rays, the thirst of at least two adults. |
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2016-06-22T18:41:28Z2016-01-202016-06-22T18:41:28Z2015-07-29PRADO, Gustavo Otero. Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água. 2015. 179 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2015. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99.https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15090https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99The Sun is the main source of energy on Earth. Its energy capacity can be considered inexhaustible, it does not produce waste and has an adaptive allocation. Also in abundance, salt water is available on the planet covering most of the Earth\'s surface. However, today, more than one billion people around the world do not have access to clean water. In this scenario, the production of drinking water by desalination of salt water becomes fundamental. Therefore, this study aimed to the use of solar energy to desalinate water through solar concentrators, the disc types (CSD) and Fresnel lens (CSLF). For this, a theoretical study considering geometrical optics concepts was implemented to investigate, among four surfaces, the best that concentrated the sun\'s rays. In the same way, a computer simulation enabled the analysis of a dynamic heating through fundamental equations of Transport Phenomena. Thus, two prototypes were constructed using: a satellite dish, a Fresnel lens for an overhead projector, a tripod with astrophotography purposes and a simplied distillation system. These devices were experimentally characterized and the production of distilled water was determined considering solutions with 0% to 4% of sea salt. Therefore, the productivity of solar concentrators were compared, and a factorial experiment determined mathematically, system optimization conditions. As a result, the parabolic surface was the one with the biggest factor interception was therefore chosen as the prototype model. The simulation of the heating dynamics were validated experimentally and the highest temperature reached was of 319 graus C with a heating ramp that reached 75.56 graus C.min -1. In the construction of the prototype, the dish was mirrored by a chroming process and both the evaporator and the condenser was modified during the testing to take the format adopted in the experiments. In terms of productivity, the best results were 4.95 kg.m -2.day -1 for the CSD and 5.40 kg.m -2.day -1 for CSLF. The mass loading was the most significant variable indicated by the design of experiments but was also in uenced by colligative properties of the water. Therefore, this equipment meets a local demand for water due to the fact desalinate and disinfect brackish and salt water being able to satisfy, every m2 captured from sun\'s rays, the thirst of at least two adults.O Sol e a principal fonte de energia da Terra. Sua capacidade energetica pode ser considerada inesgotavel, nao produz residuos e possui alocacao adaptavel. Tambem de forma abundante, a agua salgada e disponibilizada no planeta cobrindo a maior parte da superficie terrestre. No entanto, hoje, mais de um bilhao de pessoas em todo o mundo nao tem acesso a agua limpa. Neste cenario, a obtencao de agua potavel pelo processamento de aguas salgadas torna-se fundamental. Logo, esse trabalho teve como objetivo a utilizacao da energia solar para dessalinizar agua atraves de concentradores solares, dos tipos: disco (CSD) e Lente de Fresnel (CSLF). Para isso, um estudo teorico considerando conceitos de optica geometrica foi implementado a m de se investigar, dentre quatro funcoes matematicas, a que melhor concentrava os raios solares. Da mesma forma, uma simulacao computacional possibilitou a analise de uma dinamica de aquecimento atraves de equacoes fundamentais dos Fenomenos de Transporte. Assim, dois prototipos foram construidos utilizando uma antena parabolica de satelite, uma Lente de Fresnel de um retroprojetor, um tripe com fins de astrofotografia e um sistema de destilacao simplicado. Esses dispositivos foram caracterizados experimentalmente e a producao de agua destilada foi averiguada considerando solucoes de 0% a 4% de sal marinho. Em seguida, a produtividade dos concentradores solares foram comparadas e um experimento fatorial determinou matematicamente as condicoes de otimizacao do sistema. Como resultados, a superficie parabolica foi a que apresentou o maior fator de interceptacao sendo por isso escolhida como modelo do prototipo. A dinamica de aquecimento simulada foi validada experimentalmente sendo que a maior temperatura atingida foi de 319 graus C com uma rampa de aquecimento que chegou a 75,56 C.min -1. Na parte da construcao do prototipo, a antena parabolica foi espelhada atraves de um processo de cromacao e tanto o evaporador quanto o condensador foram modificados ao longo dos testes ate assumirem o formato adotado nos experimentos. Em termos de produtividade de agua destilada, os melhores resultados foram de 4,95 kg.m -2.dia -1 para o CSD e 5,40 kg.m -2.dia -1 para o CSLF. A carga massica foi a variavel mais significativa indicada pelo Planejamento de Experimentos que tambem foi infuenciado pelas propriedades coligativas da agua. Assim, esse equipamento atende uma demanda local por agua devido ao fato de dessalinizar e desinfectar aguas salobras e salgadas sendo capaz de saciar, a cada 1 m2 de captacao dos raios solares, a sede de pelo menos dois adultos.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível SuperiorDoutor em Engenharia Químicaapplication/pdfporUniversidade Federal de UberlândiaPrograma de Pós-graduação em Engenharia QuímicaUFUBREngenhariasDessalinizaçãoConcentrador solarDestilador solarLente de FresnelConcentrador solar de discoEnergia solarDessalinização da águaAquecimento solarSolar energyDesalinationSolar concentratorSolar stillFresnel lensSolar dish concentratorCNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICAConcepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de águainfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersioninfo:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesisVieira, Luiz Gustavo Martinshttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4767723D6Damasceno, João Jorge Ribeirohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780258E5Arouca, Fábio de Oliveirahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4189392Y6Malagoni, Ricardo Amânciohttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4711177Z0Buiatti, Gustavo Malagolihttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4389887P7Silva, Zaqueu Ernesto dahttp://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788875H6http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4458842H7Prado, Gustavo Otero81757118info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessreponame:Repositório Institucional da UFUinstname:Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)instacron:UFUTHUMBNAILConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf.jpgConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf.jpgGenerated Thumbnailimage/jpeg1237https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/15090/8/ConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf.jpg119866af604c8777cacf10f460e2d736MD58TEXTConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores_parte 1.pdf.txtConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores_parte 1.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain73656https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/15090/5/ConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores_parte%201.pdf.txtacc789c3b4bbefdb1f2343286f85b845MD55ConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf.txtConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf.txtExtracted texttext/plain221918https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/15090/7/ConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf.txt17a4f85f53b85de614f4045a5cd30618MD57ORIGINALConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdfConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdfapplication/pdf21270138https://repositorio.ufu.br/bitstream/123456789/15090/6/ConcepcaoAvaliacaoConcentradores.pdf8f173e692f1be3036bfc8445e280cb7dMD56123456789/150902021-03-08 15:42:39.539oai:repositorio.ufu.br:123456789/15090Repositório InstitucionalONGhttp://repositorio.ufu.br/oai/requestdiinf@dirbi.ufu.bropendoar:2021-03-08T18:42:39Repositório Institucional da UFU - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU)false |
dc.title.por.fl_str_mv |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
title |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
spellingShingle |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água Prado, Gustavo Otero Dessalinização Concentrador solar Destilador solar Lente de Fresnel Concentrador solar de disco Energia solar Dessalinização da água Aquecimento solar Solar energy Desalination Solar concentrator Solar still Fresnel lens Solar dish concentrator CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
title_short |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
title_full |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
title_fullStr |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
title_full_unstemmed |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
title_sort |
Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água |
author |
Prado, Gustavo Otero |
author_facet |
Prado, Gustavo Otero |
author_role |
author |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1.fl_str_mv |
Vieira, Luiz Gustavo Martins |
dc.contributor.advisor-co1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4767723D6 |
dc.contributor.advisor1.fl_str_mv |
Damasceno, João Jorge Ribeiro |
dc.contributor.advisor1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4780258E5 |
dc.contributor.referee1.fl_str_mv |
Arouca, Fábio de Oliveira |
dc.contributor.referee1Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4189392Y6 |
dc.contributor.referee2.fl_str_mv |
Malagoni, Ricardo Amâncio |
dc.contributor.referee2Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4711177Z0 |
dc.contributor.referee3.fl_str_mv |
Buiatti, Gustavo Malagoli |
dc.contributor.referee3Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4389887P7 |
dc.contributor.referee4.fl_str_mv |
Silva, Zaqueu Ernesto da |
dc.contributor.referee4Lattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4788875H6 |
dc.contributor.authorLattes.fl_str_mv |
http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv.do?id=K4458842H7 |
dc.contributor.author.fl_str_mv |
Prado, Gustavo Otero |
contributor_str_mv |
Vieira, Luiz Gustavo Martins Damasceno, João Jorge Ribeiro Arouca, Fábio de Oliveira Malagoni, Ricardo Amâncio Buiatti, Gustavo Malagoli Silva, Zaqueu Ernesto da |
dc.subject.por.fl_str_mv |
Dessalinização Concentrador solar Destilador solar Lente de Fresnel Concentrador solar de disco Energia solar Dessalinização da água Aquecimento solar |
topic |
Dessalinização Concentrador solar Destilador solar Lente de Fresnel Concentrador solar de disco Energia solar Dessalinização da água Aquecimento solar Solar energy Desalination Solar concentrator Solar still Fresnel lens Solar dish concentrator CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
dc.subject.eng.fl_str_mv |
Solar energy Desalination Solar concentrator Solar still Fresnel lens Solar dish concentrator |
dc.subject.cnpq.fl_str_mv |
CNPQ::ENGENHARIAS::ENGENHARIA QUIMICA |
description |
The Sun is the main source of energy on Earth. Its energy capacity can be considered inexhaustible, it does not produce waste and has an adaptive allocation. Also in abundance, salt water is available on the planet covering most of the Earth\'s surface. However, today, more than one billion people around the world do not have access to clean water. In this scenario, the production of drinking water by desalination of salt water becomes fundamental. Therefore, this study aimed to the use of solar energy to desalinate water through solar concentrators, the disc types (CSD) and Fresnel lens (CSLF). For this, a theoretical study considering geometrical optics concepts was implemented to investigate, among four surfaces, the best that concentrated the sun\'s rays. In the same way, a computer simulation enabled the analysis of a dynamic heating through fundamental equations of Transport Phenomena. Thus, two prototypes were constructed using: a satellite dish, a Fresnel lens for an overhead projector, a tripod with astrophotography purposes and a simplied distillation system. These devices were experimentally characterized and the production of distilled water was determined considering solutions with 0% to 4% of sea salt. Therefore, the productivity of solar concentrators were compared, and a factorial experiment determined mathematically, system optimization conditions. As a result, the parabolic surface was the one with the biggest factor interception was therefore chosen as the prototype model. The simulation of the heating dynamics were validated experimentally and the highest temperature reached was of 319 graus C with a heating ramp that reached 75.56 graus C.min -1. In the construction of the prototype, the dish was mirrored by a chroming process and both the evaporator and the condenser was modified during the testing to take the format adopted in the experiments. In terms of productivity, the best results were 4.95 kg.m -2.day -1 for the CSD and 5.40 kg.m -2.day -1 for CSLF. The mass loading was the most significant variable indicated by the design of experiments but was also in uenced by colligative properties of the water. Therefore, this equipment meets a local demand for water due to the fact desalinate and disinfect brackish and salt water being able to satisfy, every m2 captured from sun\'s rays, the thirst of at least two adults. |
publishDate |
2015 |
dc.date.issued.fl_str_mv |
2015-07-29 |
dc.date.accessioned.fl_str_mv |
2016-06-22T18:41:28Z |
dc.date.available.fl_str_mv |
2016-01-20 2016-06-22T18:41:28Z |
dc.type.status.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion |
dc.type.driver.fl_str_mv |
info:eu-repo/semantics/doctoralThesis |
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doctoralThesis |
status_str |
publishedVersion |
dc.identifier.citation.fl_str_mv |
PRADO, Gustavo Otero. Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água. 2015. 179 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2015. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99. |
dc.identifier.uri.fl_str_mv |
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15090 |
dc.identifier.doi.por.fl_str_mv |
https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99 |
identifier_str_mv |
PRADO, Gustavo Otero. Concepção e avaliação de concentradores solares do tipo disco e lente de fresnel para dessalinização de água. 2015. 179 f. Tese (Doutorado em Engenharias) - Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia, 2015. Disponível em: https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99. |
url |
https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/15090 https://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2015.99 |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia |
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Programa de Pós-graduação em Engenharia Química |
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UFU |
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BR |
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Engenharias |
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Universidade Federal de Uberlândia |
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