Desenvolvimento de plataformas nanotecnológicas para a construção de biossensores: diagnóstico molecular de doenças infecciosas e inflamatórias

• Ano de defesa: 2017
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Danielle Alves de
• Tipo de documento: Tese
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Uberlândia; Brasil; Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética e Bioquímica
• Palavras-chave em Português: Bioquímica; Biossensores; Hepatite B; Hepatite C; Doenças infecciosas; artrite reumatoide; biossensor; óxido de grafeno; peptídeo mimético; genossensor; nanopartícula de ouro; hepatitis B; hepatitis C; rheumatoid arthritis; biosensor; graphene oxide; peptide mimetic; genosensor; gold nanoparticle; CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA
• Link de acesso: https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/20919; http://doi.org/10.14393/ufu.te.2017.160

In the present thesis, three biosensing platforms aiming the molecular diagnosis of hepatitis C, hepatitis B and rheumatoid arthritis were developed by electrochemical, optical and microscopic techniques using real samples. The genosensors for the diagnosis of hepatitis C and B were developed on a gold electrode modified with nanomaterials, being these graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide, respectively. In all proposed biosensors the interaction of the probe with the target was effectively verified by the different techniques. In the case of the genossensor for hepatitis C, graphene oxide was chemically modified with ethylenediamine and showed limits of detection and quantification of 1:483 (v/v) and 1:145 (v/v), respectively, using serum samples from positive patients. The interaction of the HCV probe and the gRNA caused a reduction in current response amplitude of about 2.9 fold as compared to the negative control, using the DPV. The genossensor for hepatitis B probe was immobilized on a gold electrode containing reduced graphene oxide, gold disks and gold nanoparticles. Analysis using DPV indicates that the addition of HBV gDNA caused an increase of about 1.4 times in peak current amplitude, when compared to the negative control. In addition, SPR analyzes showed that positive samples of HBV resulted in a change of about 15- fold compared to negative samples. In the biosensor developed for the diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, a graphite electrode modified with a poly (3-hydroxybenzoic) film was used, in which a mimetic peptide that recognizes the anti-CAIII antibody was immobilized. The developed mimetic sensor allowed the distinction between positive and negative samples for rheumatoid arthritis, since it presented an decrease in the current signal of about 2.2 times, when compared to the negative serum. Thus, it was possible to develop analytical, selective and specific platforms, providing new approaches for clinical diagnosis and point-of-care applications, for the monitoring of inflammatory and infectious diseases.