Reserva Extrativista Chico Mendes AC: os desafios de gestão (com)partilhada

• Ano de defesa: 2010
• Autor(a) principal: Souza, Gisele Elaine de Araújo Batista
• Orientador(a): Coelho, France Maria Gontijo
• Banca de defesa: Muniz, José Norberto , Amodeo, Nora Beatriz Presno
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Extensão Rural
• Departamento: Instituições sociais e desenvolvimento; Cultura, processos sociais e conhecimento
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Reserva Extrativista; Gestão; Organizações
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Extractive Reserve; Management; Organizations
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::EXTENSAO RURAL
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4145

This research discusses the challenges of managing shared in the Extractive Reserve Chico Mendes (Chico Mendes extractive reserve), located in the state of Acre. Officially, the Chico Mendes extractive reserve management is the responsibility of a Management Council, with the participation from the managing agency (ICMBio) by representatives of residents, public agencies and civil society organizations working in the area. Given this configuration of the structure and intent of sharing the management intended to discuss the meaning and effectiveness of this proposal among residents in their relationship with organizations and institutions working in the area. To clarify the effectiveness of this sharing we sought to understand how this RESEX in daily dynamics of socio-institutional interactions and how were the forms of survival of the inhabitants of the Reserve. From the point of view of residents, it was possible to identify the types of organizations active in the area and the role played by them in their day-to-day. The research took place in three stages and was conducted between 2009 and 2010. In the first stage, considered as exploratory phase, characterized as the initial approach, both to managers and agencies with the residents. At this moment presents a documentary analysis of the existing collection in IBAMA on the establishment of extractive reserves and established the first contacts with neighborhood associations. The second step in performing the work of data collection in the field, when, eight rubber RESEX techniques were applied participatory methodologies (mapping and Venn diagram) and made 14 interviews with residents, considered by residents as key people in these areas. The third step was a survey done among the 32 organizations mentioned by the residents of the 87 plantations surveyed. With representatives from these organizations were partially structured interviews. The main results of the survey revealed that, in general, there are difficulties in community organization and income security for families where this is coming from environmentally sustainable activities. The improvement in these conditions would be the precondition for a share of management. Moreover, the managers responsible for the area, one should note the following bounds: size of the area and the intense involvement of other external agents, usually performing actions under the slogan of "promoting sustainable development in the region" without resulting in real gains for residents. This work established the importance and contribution of many of the organizations cited by local residents. However, also found that, despite efforts in the realization of integrated action between the managing agency (ICMBio) and other external agents, in practice, for troubleshooting desired or necessary, there is still great difficulty for effective engagement and autonomous mobilize population. Moreover, despite the strong commitment of the managing agency to strengthen the management of shared and stated intention of his promotion in the Reserve, effectively realized that the methods used by technicians, the managing agency or other organizations, are marked by formality and in some cases, the centralization and authoritarianism. These behaviors imposed methodological hinder the effective participation of residents, which, in most cases, not participate in decisions, or when they do, it happens in a passive or merely advisory. Within moments, the accounts of residents identified a higher level of participation characterized by automobilization. The daily dynamics explained difficulties in communication between the managing agency and the local population. This fact is understandable in that the residents feel uncomfortable with an agency that collects the regulatory functions of police and motivator of social participation in the democratic exercise for obtaining rights. In this difficult articulation in everyday life, the sharing of decisions is compromised. The demobilization and the disinterest of residents reign, where would be the engines of the joints of social change processes. Much less shared, it seems that for now, management is only shared, starting and disconnected.