Estratégias de seleção visando melhoramento da arquitetura do feijoeiro

• Ano de defesa: 2012
• Autor(a) principal: Oliveira, Ana Maria Cruz e
• Orientador(a): Carneiro, Pedro Crescêncio Souza
• Banca de defesa: Cecon, Paulo Roberto
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Genética e Melhoramento
• Departamento: Genética animal; Genética molecular e de microrganismos; Genética quantitativa; Genética vegetal; Me
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Produtividade; Feijão; Porte
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Productivity; Bean; Mien
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS BIOLOGICAS::GENETICA::GENETICA QUANTITATIVA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4766

The obtaining of plants of more erect architecture is growing in importance due to the demand of the producing of irrigated areas regarding the possibility of automated crop, reduction of the problems of diseases and easiness of the cultural treatments. In general it comes if using a scale of notes to evaluate the bean plants architecture, however, that scale is visual, difficult and it depends on the appraiser's great experience. Recent works (Moura, 2011 and Silva, 2011) tell that the hypocotyl diameter is an effective indicator of the bean plant architecture and a significant association among hypocotyl diameter of F2 plants and their derived progenies would potentiate the earnings with the selection seeking improvement of the bean plant architecture in programs of appealing selection, as well as the efficiency of the phenotypic recurrent selection. Besides, in the improvement of the bean plant, to select plants to associate good productivity and erect architecture has been the preference of the breeders. The objectives of this work were to verify the association among hypocotyl diameter of F2 plants and their F2:3 progenies, and to obtain estimates of genetic parameters, seeking the choice of the best selection strategy for improvement of the load of the bean plant and to analyze the effectiveness of the genotype-ideotype distance index in the selection of bean plant families as for the load and grains productivity, appraised in different atmospheres. They were appraised 96 F2 families, their F2:3 progenies and four controls (BRSMG Majestoso, L1, BRSMG Madrepérola and A525) in random blocks, with three repetitions, as for the plants architecture, hypocotyl diameter and grains productivity in the harvests of the winter of 2010 and of the drought of 2011. It was observed that the association among F2 plants HD and characters related to the load in the F2:3 progenies were of magnitude relatively low, compared to the estimates of correlations considering the genitors, indicating great influence of the atmosphere in the determination of the hypocotyl diameter in individual plants of bean plant. There was predominance of addictive effect in the determination of this character, that presented larger precision and accuracy compared to the evaluation of the load by the note of architecture of the plants, evidencing that the hypocotyl diameter can be used as auxiliary measure in the selection of progenies in the improvement of the bean plant seeking improvement of the load of the plants, since the selection is based, in agreement with the repeatability analysis, in the average of at least 40 plants within plots. Besides, families were observed with grains productivity above the largest values presented by the parents in the two harvests, with architecture notes and hypocotyl diameter comparable to the most erect genitors. The use of the genotype-ideotype distance index was effective in the selection of families seeking improvement of the load and grains productivity, appraised in different atmospheres, with prominence for the families of the population originating from of the crossing among the bean plant lines A525 and BRSMG Majestoso.