Ação protetora do óxido nítrico em sementes de gergelim (Sesamum indicum L.) submetidas a diferentes condições de estresse

• Ano de defesa: 2014
• Autor(a) principal: Pires, Raquel Maria de Oliveira
• Orientador(a): Dias, Denise Cunha Fernandes dos Santos
• Banca de defesa: Dias, Luiz Antonio dos Santos , Ataíde, Glauciana da Mata
• Tipo de documento: Dissertação
• Tipo de acesso: Acesso aberto
• Idioma: por
• Instituição de defesa: Universidade Federal de Viçosa
• Programa de Pós-Graduação: Mestrado em Fitotecnia
• Departamento: Plantas daninhas, Alelopatia, Herbicidas e Resíduos; Fisiologia de culturas; Manejo pós-colheita de
• País: BR
• Palavras-chave em Português: Gergelim; Sesamum indicum L.; Sementes; Germinação; Cádmio; Nitroprussiato de Sódio (SNP)
• Palavras-chave em Inglês: Sesame; Sesamum indicum L .; Seeds; Germination; Cadmium; Sodium nitroprusside (SNP)
• Área do conhecimento CNPq: CNPQ::CIENCIAS AGRARIAS::AGRONOMIA::FITOTECNIA
• Link de acesso: http://locus.ufv.br/handle/123456789/4632

Seeds frequently encounter biotic and abiotic stress that adversely affects growth, development, or productivity. The objective of this work was to investigate the effect of nitric oxide (NO) like protective agent in sesame seeds submitted to different stresses. Therefore, two experiments were conducted. In the first one, sesame seeds were placed in soaked substrate with water or with different concentrations of cadmium chloride and cadmium chloride plus sodium nitroprusside (SNP) in the following treatments: 1) water (control), 2) +200 μM of SNP, 3) 800 μM of CdCl2, 4) 800 μM of CdCl2 +200 μM of SNP, 5) 600 μM of CdCl2, 6) 600 μM of CdCl2 +200 μM of SNP, 7) 400 μM of CdCl2 and 8) 400 μM of CdCl2 +200 μM of SNP. Were done the following determinations: germination (G), first count of germination (PC), speed germination index (IVG), hipocotyl length (CH), radicle length (CR), dry mass of hipocotyl (MSH) and dry mass of radicle (DMR) and imbibition curve. It were quantified the activity of antioxidative enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and total peroxidase (POX). It was adopted the completely randomized design with five replicates. The data were submitted to variance analysis and the means obtained for treatments were compared by Tukey test at 5% of significance. The means obtained in treatments with and without SNP were compared by F test at 5% and the times of imbibition by Tukey test at 5%. For the realization of imbibition curve was realized a polynomial regression fit 3. In the second experiment, sesame seeds were placed in soaked substrate with water or with different concentrations of PEG 6000 and PEG 6000 plus SNP in the following treatments: 1) water (control), 2) +200 μM of SNP, 3) 0,1MPa, 4) -0,1MPa +200 μM of SNP, 5) - 0,2MPa, 6) -0,2MPa +200 μM of SNP, 7) -0,3MPa and 8) -0,3MPa, +200 μM of SNP. The same determinations done in experiment one, was made in the experiment two. Both stress caused the reduction of germination and vigor, being the highest concentrations, the most harmful to sesame seeds. NO was able to minimize the damage caused by the stresses, reversing partially all the biochemical parameters evaluated, what provides higher and faster germination, beyond the higher initial development of xiii seedlings. Cadmium and PEG 6000 provoked less absorption and less gain of mass in higher concentrations in relation to water, and an extension of Phase II. In relation to the antioxydative system, there was an increaseof enzymatic activity in period of 0 to 24 houras, showing the organization of the antioxidant system with the sesame seeds over time. Was observed that in higher potentials and in solutions more concentrated, the activity enzymatic was higher, what suggest detoxifying activity of these molecules in seeds submitted to water deficit and solution of cadmium more strict. The use of SNP, increased the activity of antioxidative enzymes, evidencing an efficient of elimination of EROs formed.